D4. Personality Disorders

Personality Disorders

Enduring and inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, and relating to others that deviate markedly from the expectations of an individual's culture

Cluster A

Odd or eccentric

Cluster B

Dramatic, emotional, or erratic

Cluster C

Anxious or fearful

Paranoid PD

Schizoid PD

Schizotypal PD

Cluster A PDs

Paranoid PD

Personality disorder characterized by pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others and their motives

Schizoid PD

Personality disorder characterized by detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings

Schizotypal PD

Personality disorder with acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior

Particularly with ideas of reference, odd beliefs, and magical thinking

Ideas of Reference

False beliefs that random or irrelevant occurrences in the world directly relate to oneself

Magical Thinking

Belief that your thoughts, words, or actions can directly cause or prevent unrelated events in the real world

Antisocial PD

Borderline PD

Histrionic PD

Narcissistic PD

Cluster B PDs

Antisocial PD

Personality disorder characterized by a disregard for and violation of the rights of others, often involving deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability, and lack of remorse

Usually diagnosed if there is evidence of conduct disorder with onset before 15 y/o

Borderline PD

Personality disorder characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, affect, and impulsivity

Features intense fear of abandonment and may feature suicidal or self-mutilating behavior

Histrionic PD

Personality disorder with excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior

Can feature inappropriate sexually seductive, provocative behavior and rapidly shifting shallow expression of emotions

Narcissistic PD

Personality disorder characterized by a sense of grandiosity, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy

Driven by a need for excessive admiration

Avoidant PD

Dependent PD

Obsessive-Compulsive PD

Cluster C PDs

Avoidant PD

Personality disorder characterized by social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

Dependent PD

Personality disorder characterized by an excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation

Obsessive-Compulsive PD

Personality disorder with a preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency