CSW Chapter 20- Asia

500+

How many wineries are in china?

Dry red wines

This is the prominent style of wine produced in china, comprising 4/5 of its volume

Jiahu

This is the site of what may be the worlds first fermented beverage produced using grapes

1892

What year did the modern era of wine production begin in China?

Zhang Bishi

This Qing Dynasty diplomat imported more than 100 European grape varieties for use in modern China’s first winemaking facility, the Changyu Winemaking Company

Continental monsoon climate with dry/cold winters and rainy/hot summers

Climate of China?

North

What part of China is the wine industry concentrated in?

Red Globe, Kyoho, Thompson Seedless, and Muscat

Top 4 grape varieties in China by amount of plantings

Gongniang No 1

A cross between Muscat Hamburg and vitis amurensis that is widely used due to its extreme cold resistance

Cab and Chard

Top red grape and top white grape of China

Carmenere

Aka Cabernet Gernischt

Marselan

Cabernet Sauvignon X Grenache cross

Longyan

Vinifera variety planted in China for several hundred years. Long thought of as a table grape, it has pinkish skin and creates a wine similar to Gewurz with aromas of flowers/peaches/lychee aka Dragon Eyes

AQSIQ

First geographical indication protections established in 2005 requires registration with this body

Estate wine

Name that requires the producing estate to own all the vines, produce and bottle the wine within the estate, and only use grapes from vines that are more than 3 years old

Eastern Foot of Helen Mountain

Established in 2012, the first legally regulated and geographically defined wine region in China

75%

% needed for wines to use a place name in China

Hebei

• region in northeast China

• Translates to “north of the river”

• Has over 50 wineries and does up to 50% of Chinas volume

• Warm monsoon climate, dependent on irrigation

• Home of China Great Wall Company (largest volume producer of China)

• Sino-French Demonstration Vineyard- planted in the 90s as a joint venture between the French and CHinese governments. aka Domaine Franco Chinois

• Cab, Riesling, Viognier, Merlot, Marselan, Petit Manseng

Ningxia

• west of Beijing, alluvial plain of the Yellow River on the edge of the Gobi Desert

• Fine loess soil susceptible to wine and water erosion

• Continental climate but irrigation is necessary

• One of China’s most promising vineyard areas and focus of investment

• 200+ wineries

• Eastern Foot of Helen Mountain is here

• Cab/cab gernischt/chard/riesling/syrah

Shandong

• on the shores of the Yellow Sea, between Beijing and Shanghai

• Viticulture surrounds the Shandong peninsula

• Temperate climate with maritime influences and high humidity, with monsoons leading to waterlogged soils and fungal issues

• Home of Changyu Pioneer Wine company- first modern Chinese winery

• Cab, Cab Gernischt, Riesling, Chard. Then Marselan, Petit Manseng, Petit Verdot

Shanxi

• west of Beijing on a high loess plateau between the Gobi Desert and the coastal plains

• Continental climate, but monsoon causes humidity. Best vintages have minimal rain

• Home of the renowned Grace Vineyards

Xinjiang

• extreme west of China

• Marco Polo mentioned these wines in his notes on his travels of the Silk Road

• Divided by the Tien Shan Mountains, and covered by the Takla Makan Desert.

Yunnan

• south of the Yangtze River

• Outside of the temperate zone but counteracted by high elevation vineyards

• 200 year old history with wine. Started with a French missionary traveled from India to Yunnan on the Ancient Tea Horse Trail, bringing the grapevines Rose Honey from France

• Rose Honey, Crystal, French Wild, and Cab

• Yunnan Red Wine Company- one of the largest producers

• Shangri-La Winery Company Limited- grapes from the steep slopes of the Mekong River

8th century

When did Japan begin making wine with the Koshu grape?

250

How many wineries are in Japan?

Gyoki

This Buddhist monk had a vision of the Yakushi Buddha holding a bunch of grapes, which inspired him to plat vineyards in 718 CE at the Daizenji Temple (west of Tokyo)

Chintashu

Name for European red wines, comes from the 16th century when Portuguese missionaries arrived in Japan bearing gifts of Portuguese wine for the feudal lords of Kyushu

1874

The year in which the first modern Japanese wines were produced in the city of Kofu

Temperate

Type of climate in japan

Honshu

One the the four main islands of Japan that produces the majority of the wine

Koshu, Muscat Baliey-A, Yamasachi, Delaware, and Muscat of Alexandria

5 top grapes of Japan

Koshu

Pink-skinned grape known for producing light bodied white wines with delicate fruit and floral flavors, also makes sparkling versions

Muscat Bailey-A

Red hybrid grape created in 1927 by Zenbei Kawakami, who wanted a red grapes that would thrive in Japan’s climate. Bailey X Muscat Hamburg

85%

% for named grape and place of origin in Japan

5 geographical indications

1. Yamanashi Prefecture

2. Island of Hokkaido

3. Nagano GI

4. Yamagata GI

5. Osaka GI