BIO MOD 6

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10 Terms

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What are prokaryotes?
Single-celled organisms without a nucleus.
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What are the two domains of prokaryotes?
Bacteria and Archaea.
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What is the main difference between Bacteria and Archaea?
Archaea have distinct membrane lipids and often live in extreme environments.
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What is binary fission?
A form of asexual reproduction where a cell divides into two identical cells.
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What are plasmids?
Small circular DNA molecules in bacteria that carry accessory genes.
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What is horizontal gene transfer (HGT)?
The movement of genetic material between organisms other than by descent.
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What are the three types of HGT?
Transformation
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What is a photoautotroph?
An organism that uses light energy and CO2 to make food (e.g. cyanobacteria).
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What is a chemoheterotroph?
An organism that obtains both energy and carbon from organic molecules.
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Why are prokaryotes important?
They are essential for nutrient cycling