Philosophy - Summative Test 2

Episteme

a Greek word for knowledge, coming from Epistemology

Epistemology

it is the branch of philosophy that studies what knowledge is, how knowledge is acquired, and how we know if knowledge is true

Nature of Knowledge

knowledge is the clear awareness and understanding of something

Empericism

the philosophical view that knowledge comes from sensory experience

Rationalism

it is the philosophical view that reason and logic are the primary sources of knowledge

Reality

it is everything that exists, whether it is physical or non-physical. It is the source of all knowledge because we cannot know something that does not exist

Perception

it is the process of receiving information about reality through our five senses

Concept

a general idea or mental image formed by the mind after interpreting information gathered through perception

Proposition

statements about the world or reality

Facts

propositions or statements observed to be real and truthful

Claim

proposition that requires further examination; can be contested

Argument

is a set of reasons or evidence used to support a claim or conclusion

Objective Domain

related to scientific truths; pertains to the natural world that maintains a relative independence from the perspective and attitude of human beings that perceived them

Social Domain

truth is related to a general agreement or consensus on what is right as opposed to what is wrong. Based on norms

Personal Domain

trurth is related to “SINCERITY”; consistent to inner thoughts and intentions

Truth

is the objective correspondence of a statement with reality, characterized by evidence and universality

Opinion

a subjective personal belief or judgment that may lack empirical proof

Correspondence Theory of Truth

what we believe or say is true if it corresponds to the way things actually are, based on the facts

Coherence

the quality of being logical, connected, and free from contradiction

Pragmatic Theory of Truth

this theory states that a bellief or statement is considered true if it works in practice, produces useful results, or successfully solves problems

William James

the person who is associated with pragmatism as a philosophical viewpoint