Interrelationship of Health, Behavior, and Welfare

What are the three orientations?

Body (health, production)

Nature (behavior)

Mind (affective states)

All the three orientations effect each other and in an ideal world all are in harmony for a healthy animal (T/F)

True

Testosterone

Sex-related hormone responsible for

Inter male aggression

Roaming

Marking

Male sexual behavior

What 4 things does castration effect?

Intermale aggression

Roaming

Marking

Male sexual behavior

Estrogen

Sex-related hormone

Female sexual behaviors

Estrus

Progesterone

Sex-related hormones

Calmness associated with pregnancy

What sex-hormone was attempted to be used as an antianxiety drug but has serious effects in females?

Progesterone

Oxytocin

Sex-related hormones

Maternal behaviors

Thyroid hormones

Hormone related to nervous system development and maintenance

Related to irritability, anxiety, personality, and aggression

Melatonin

Hormone related to sleep/wake cycles

Regulates stress response and can be measured in saliva

What are some medical issues that have been related with general anxiety that is not responsive to anxiety medication?

Heart and spleen tumors

What can be some major side effects of drug therapy that may cause an owner to want to end treatment?

Ataxia

Seizures

Depression

Sound/light hypersensitivity

Vomiting

How can behavioral problems effect health?

Anxiety and stress increase cortisol which alters WBC distribution

This in turn sends a message to the brain that reduces immune function

Decreased immunity leads to more health problems

What are some medical tests that can be altered by an animal in depression?

Dexamethasone suppression tests (adrenal gland function)

Thyroid levels

From least to greatest put in order the level of brain development at birth according to species

Kittens/puppies -> pigs -> calf/foals

What areas of the brain are associated with behavior

Cerebral cortex handles reasoning and sensory functions

Cerebellum handles muscle control and balance

Limbic system

What does the limbic system handle in terms of behavior?

Learning

Memory

Emotions

Long term anxious behavior with abnormal wiring

What is the neurotransmitter lifecycle?

Formed in the terminal end of a “sender neuron”

Packaged

Released into interneuron space

Attach to receptor at the “receiver” neuron

Released back into interneuron space

Reattaches to original neuron

Reabsorbed and repackaged for later use in original neuron

Neurotransmitter

Chemicals within the brain that facilitate messages to travel between neurons

Can be affected by diet and drugs

Animal deprived of what amino acid will be deficient in serotonin?

Tryptophan

_____ are one of the major brain related issues that strongly present as changes in behavior or behavior issues.

Tumors

What are some brain related medical issues that can results in behavior changes?

Seizures

Tumor growth

Hydrocephalus

What are behavioral issues that involve brain changes?

Cognitive dysfunction (senility)

Anxiety, fears, phobias

Hyperactivity/hyperkinesis

Stereotypes

Sentience

The ability to experience feelings and sensations like pain

What emotions do animals expierence?

Anticipation

Happiness

Trust

Fear

Cognition

The mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through though, experience, and the senses

Animals do not think and any evidence of them thinking is purely coincidence because their cognition is not like ours. (T/F)

False