Inheritance and Pedigree Test

What generation is completely heterozygous? (Mendelian cross)

F1 generation

What generation is completely homozygous? (Mendelian cross)

P generation

What cross is it called that has a ratio of 9:3:3:1 in F2 offspring?

Dihybrid cross

Is there a cross what has exactly anticipated ratios every time?

NO!

What cross is it called when you find the ratio 3:1 in F2 offspring

monohybrid cross

Blending theory of inheritance (old theory) state that:

the offspring was a “blend” of the two parents

A(n) ___ is an alternative from gene for single trait (ex. blue/brown eyes)

Allele

If you don’t know what trait is dominant, you should…

breed the animals to find out!

If a child with 2 heterozygous parents has ¼ chance of receiving a recessive trait, no matter the child the child’s phenotype, they have a _____ chance of being phenotypically recessive

¼ chance!

If a pea plant is recessive, it can only be

tt

F2 offspring of monohybrid cross would show ____ as genotypes

AA, Aa, aa

F1 offspring of monohybrid cross show…

Aa only

Possible offspring of monohybrid test cross show genotypes…

Aa or aa

mendal crossed 2-true breed plants with contrasting traits. In F1, the offspring…

resemble only one of the parents

The phenotypic ratio for F2 offspring from monohybrid cross is…

3:1

if the phenotype is 1:1, the genotype of the 2 parents is…

Tt and tt

Crossing over depends on…

the distance between the genes

All human males need…

Y chromosome

What is it called when one genotype takes over and covers up recessive gene (traits in garden peas)

complete dominance

What is an example of codominace?

ABO blood in humans

What is it called when a pair of recessive genes prevents expression of dominant allele?

epistasis

What causes AB blood?

2 different codominate alleles

What happens when genes AB and ab cross over?

you get Ab and aB!

How many genotypes are produced in gametes: hetero. Bb…

2

How many genotypes are produced in gametes: homo. BBFF…

1

How many genotypes are produced in gametes: hetero. BbFf…

4

How many genotypes are produced in gametes: BbFFMm…

4

Single genes with alternate forms is called…

multiple alleles

What controls expression?

epistasis

TRUE/FALSE: gamete carries one factor, allele, for a trait

true

TRUE/FALSE: F1 offspring are intermediate phenotype

FALSE

TRUE/FALSE: Imcomplete domo., F2 ratio is the same as geno ratio

True

TRUE/FALSE: Chromosome number is same in males and females

true

X-linkage is first described in…

humans!!

If there is a dominant gene on the X chromosome, father transmits to…

all daughters

if there is a defective X-chromosome, the genotypes with transmit to the daughter through…

the mother or the father

if there is defective X-chromosome, it is transmitted to the sons through…

the mother

Male cats colors…

black or orange

Female cat colors…

Black or orange or tortoiseshell

a cross of black male with orange female cat yields…

tortoiseshell females

A tortoiseshell male is possible through…

Nondisjunction (XXY male)

male orange and tortoiseshell female yields male…

black and orange males

male orange and tortoiseshell female yields female…

orange or tortoiseshell females

If a gene for white eyes is recessive and the gene for red eyes is dominant, F1 generation is…

all red eyes

reason for all female red eyes and ½ and ½ for males is…

a difference in the chromosomes between the males and females

If chromosomes fail to seperate, this is called…

Nondisjunction

Humans who lost one copy of autosome are…

monosomices

amniocentsis is the procedure normally used for…

nourishing the fetus