fine arts, health, physical education (391)

body awareness

the ability to understand where your body is in space.

Directional awareness

the ability to understand the concepts of left and right, up and down, top and bottom, front and back, and in and out.

Spatial awareness

an awareness of oneself and other objects in space

Temporal awareness

the ability to judge movement and time.

Movement exploration

an active-learning strategy that helps students use their bodies to develop various skills and concepts, including hand-eye coordination, spatial awareness, and balance

Perceptual-motor development

combines a child's sensory skills (brain) and motor skills (body) to synchronize body movements

Locomotor skills

involve moving the body from one location to another.

non-locomotor skills

involve moving the body while remaining stationary.

manipulative skills

help students learn to handle and move objects. (throwing, catching)

Closed skills

skills that occur in a stable, predictable setting.
(performing squats, serving in tennis)

Open Skills 

skills that are affected by the setting

Rhythmic awareness

help students sense and perform patterns of sound and motion. 

Mature motor patterns

require students to exercise a combination of locomotor, non-locomotor, and/or manipulative skills while also exhibiting body, spatial, and/or rhythmic awareness.

walking

one foot remains in contact with the ground

stance

contact, midstance, propulsion (60% of gait cycle)

contact

from heel strike to flat foot

midstance

from flat foot to heel lift

propulsion

from heel lift to toe off

swing phase

begins when the foot leaves the ground after toe-off and is propelled forward (40% of gait cycle)

flight phase

booth feet leave the ground

supporting role

making contact with the ground

recovery role

not making contact with the ground 

knee flexion of a jump

60-90

angle take off of a jump

45

flight phase of jump

when theyre in the air 

in what direction are hips when throwing

counterclockwise

striking

using a piece of equipment to apply force to an object and move it through the air or on the ground.

underhand

striking an object that is below the wais

punting

involves striking an airborne ball with the foot.

dribbling

controlling the ball with either hands on feet

volleying

coordinating various body parts to strike an airborne ball or object

body composition

describes the percentage of fat, bone, water, and muscle that make up our bodies.

Body Mass Index

a measure of body fat based on height and weight

bmi underweight

less than 5 percentile

healthy bmi

5-89 percentile

overweight bmi

85-94 percentile

obese percentile

95+ percentile

skinfold thickness

in which a caliper is used to measure the thickness of the subcutaneous fat in the body in the abdomen, arms, buttocks, thighs

hydrostatic testing

underwater weighing through displacement 

agility

ability to move quickly and easily

power

the capacity to move an object

balance

the ability to remain upright 

coordinate

the ability to manipulate movement

anaerobic exercise

short bursts of exercise so intense that your muscles are temporarily deprived of oxygen

physical endurance

the ability to move the body or an object repeatedly without becoming fatigued

cardiorespatory endurance

the ability of the cardiac and respiratory systems to take in, transport, and consume oxygen while performing physical activities

aerobic exercise

require active, vigorous movements will help improve cardiorespiratory endurance.

SMART

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound

kinesthetic feedback

involves the teacher manipulating the individual so they can experience the "feel" of the proper form

fundamental movement skills

the foundation of physical activity and movement.

precision request

structured, precise messages that increase the likelihood of student compliance.

verbal mediation

have the student state out loud the association between their actions and the consequences of their actions.

proprioceptive sensory systems

allows us to sense the relative position of the various parts of the body and to apply the appropriate amount of force to objects and movements. This information is unconsciously relayed to the brain from our muscles and joints.

vestibular systems

allows us to balance the body and orient ourselves within space.

discriminative system 

allows us to sense and avoid potentially harmful sensatio

movement intolerance

fast movement or spinning causes dizziness and/or nausea.

hyposensitive

under responsiveness to touch

poor tactile discrimination

the child cannot process information about how objects feel.

bluegrass music

Developed in Appalachia when settlers from the United Kingdom and Ireland began writing songs about their day-to-day life in their new home.

contra formation dance

Can be done in two lines where each line faces each other

scatter dance

encourages improv

Noble Duke of York

Two lines facing each other walk up to each other while singing the song. Choreography matches the words, then the head pair casts off and a new head pair becomes the leader.

Hello And How Are You

All dancers face a partner in the circle and sing "Hello And How Are You"  while doing non-locomotor movements, then they use locomotor movements to pass their partner by taking a few steps forward in order to move to their new partner in the circle.

Bo Diddley

Head couple takes hands and sashays down the middle, partners take hands and circle around each other two times, head couple marches down the center of the set to the end of the line, all dancers move over one spot.

Rocky Mountain

Outside circle faces their partner in the inside circle, circles walk in opposite directions until they reach their partner again, patty cake clap pattern from low to high with their partner, upon repetition of the song go one dancer past your old partner to meet your new partner and repeat the non-locomotor movements.

Hokey Pokey

Dancers put different limbs "in" and "out" while staying in one place.

A Tisket, A Tasket uses

scat

the first lady of song 

Ella Fitzgerald

first great jazz soloist

Louis Armstrong (trumpet)

Rock and Roll

combines elements from the blues and country music to form a new genre in the 1950s.

Hip Hop

highly rhythmic genre that often features samples from other songs and rhythmic vocals.

offical Texas song

texas our texas

kodaly concept

experience-based approach that emphasizes the pleasure of music and the importance of the human voice.

sight sing

sing a piece of music without having heard it before

Solfège

a system for singing notes

rote learning

students learn songs by ear

Staff

Set of five lines and four spaces. Each line and space represents a specific musical pitch

measures

notes that are grouped together in measures (or bars).

Clef

The French word for "key," indicates the pitch of the notes written on the staff, e.g. treble clef, bass clef.

key signatures

Set of flats and sharps placed on the staff to indicate which notes should be performed at higher or lower pitches than their natural pitches on the staff.

Time signature

Appears after the clef and key signature, tells you the meter that a piece of music uses.

treble clef

every good boy does fine

bass clef

grizzly bears dont fly airplane

soprano

highest vocal range for women

mezzo soprano

middle vocal range for women

contralto

lowest vocal range for women

tenor 

highest vocal range for men

baritone

the middle vocal range for men

bass

the lowest vocal range for men

woodwind instruments 

Tubular instruments with a series of holes that can be opened and closed to change the pitch

brass instruments

a series of tubes

percussion instruments

Instruments that are shaken or hit to produce sound.

non pitched instruments

used to provide rhythm

intervals

the difference between two pitche

intonation

Accuracy in pitch when singing or playing an instrument

dynamics

How loudly or softly a performer should play or sing a passage - likely to be located below the music in the first measure

crescendo 

to continuously increase volume

diminuendo

to continuously descreas volume

forte

to play or sing loudly

mezzo forte

to play or sing moderately loudly