DSM5 diagnostic criteria

what are the diagnostic criteria for panic disorder? (4)

1. recurrent unexpected panic attack

2. at least one attack has been followed in the next month with

   • persistent worry about more panic attacks or their consequences OR

   • maladaptive change in behaviour related to attack

3. disturbance isn’t attributed to substance (drugs) or another medical condition

4. disturbance isn’t explained by another mental disorder

what are the situations that can cause fear/anxiety for someone with agoraphobia? (5)

• using public transportation

• being in open space

• being in enclosed places

• standing in line or being in a crowd

• being outside of home alone

what are the diagnostic criteria for agoraphobia? (9)

1. marked fear or anxiety about 2/5 situations (see card 2)

2. fear or avoid those situations because they feel like the escape might be difficult or impossible if they develop panic-like or embarrassing symptoms

3. agoraphobic situations cause fear/anxiety

4. agoraphobic situations are avoided, endured with someone or with intense fear/anxiety

5. fear/anxiety is out of proportion

6. fear/anxiety is persistent (6 months)

7. fear/anxiety/avoidance causes distress or impairment

8. if there is another medical condition, fear/anxiety/avoidance is excessive

9. fear/anxiety/avoidance cannot be explained by the symptoms of another disorder

what are the diagnostic criteria for specific phobias? (7)

1. marked fear/anxiety for specific objects or situations

2. phobic object/situation almost always provoke immediate fear/anxiety

3. phobic object/situation is actively avoided or endured with intense fear/anxiety

4. fear/anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger

5. fear/anxiety/avoidance is persistent (6 months +)

6. fear/anxiety/avoidance causes impairment

7. disturbance isn’t better explained by the symptoms of another disorders

what are the diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder? (10)

1. fear/anxiety for one or more situations in which you are exposed to the scrutiny of others

2. fear that you will act in a way that will be negatively evaluated

3. social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety

4. social situations are avoided or endured with intense fear/anxiety

5. fear/anxiety is out of proportion

6. fear/anxiety/avoidance is persistent (6 months +)

7. fear/anxiety/avoidance causes distress

8. fear/anxiety/avoidance isn’t caused by a substance

9. fear/anxiety/avoidance isn’t better explained by the symptoms of another disorder

10. if there is another medical condition present, fear/anxiety/avoidance is unrelated or excessive

what are the diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder? (7)

1. at least 6 months of excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation)

2. difficult to control the worry

3. 3/6 symptoms for adults or 1/6 for kids (see card 7)

4. anxiety, worry or physical symptoms cause distress or impairment

5. disturbance is not caused by medication or medical conditions

6. disturbance is not caused by another mental disorder

what are the symptoms associated with GAD? (6)

• muscle tension

• mental agitation

• susceptibility to fatigue (because of the muscle tension)

• irritability

• difficulty sleeping

• difficulty concentrating

what are the diagnosis criteria of somatic symptom disorder? (3)

1. somatic symptoms: the symptoms are distressing and cause disruption in daily life

2. excessive thoughts: feelings and/or behaviours are

   1. disproportionate: persistent and excessive

   2. high anxiety

   3. excessive time and energy

3. persistent symptoms: +6 months

what are the diagnosis criteria for illness anxiety disorder? (5)

1. excessive worry

2. minimal somatic symptoms

3. high health anxiety (worry about health issues)

4. maladaptive health behaviours

5. duration: +6 months

what are the diagnosis criteria for functional neurological symptom disorder? (4)

1. symptoms alter motor or sensory function

2. incompatibility between the symptoms and a neurological/medical condition

3. symptoms aren’t better explained by another disorder

4. symptoms cause distress and impairment

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for factitious disorder? (4)

1. falsification of physical or psychological symptoms (deception)

2. presenting as ill, impaired or injured

3. deceptive behaviour is evident even in the absence of external rewards

4. behaviour isn’t better explained by another mental disorder (delusion, psychotic)

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for adjustment disorder? (3)

1. exposure to a stressor

2. development of emotional or behavioural symptoms

3. symptoms cause significant distress or impairment

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for disinhibited social engagement disorder? (5)

1. child shows a pattern of behaviour

   • reduced or no reticence to approach unfamiliar adults

   • overly familiar behaviour

2. child’s behaviour is initiated in early childhood

3. behaviours aren’t due to cultural norms

4. pattern is associated with

   • neglect or social deprivation

   • institutional care or inconsistent caregiving

5. behaviour persists for 6+ months and are developmentally inappropriate

what are the DSM5 diagnostic symptoms for prolonged grief disorder? (3)

1. intense longing for the deceased person

2. preoccupation with thoughts or memories of the deceased person

3. symptoms experienced almost everyday for more than 1 year, impairment

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for depersonalization-derealization disorder? (5)

1. presence of persistent or recurrent experiences of depersonalization and/or derealization

   • depersonalization: experiences of unreality, detachment of your own body (seeing in slow motion, third person)

   • derealization: experiences of unreality, detachment of your surroundings (everything seems foggy, dreamlike)

2. reality testing remains

3. symptoms cause significant distress or impairment

4. disturbance cannot be attributed to effects of a substance or another medical condition

5. disturbance cannot be better explained by another mental disorder

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for dissociative amnesia? (4)

1. inability to recall important autobiographical information (usually traumatic things) that are inconsistent with normal forgetting 

2. symptoms cause significant distress or impairment

3. disturbance cannot be attributed to effects of a substance or neurological/medical condition

4. disturbance cannot be better explained by dissociative  identity disorder, PTSD, acute stress disorder, somatic symptom disorder or major/mild neurocognitive disorder

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for dissociative identity disorder?

1. disruption of identity characterized by 2+ distinct personality states. this marks discontinuity in the sense of the self, agency

2. recurrent gaps in the recall of everyday events, personal information, traumatic events that are inconsistent with normal forgetting

3. symptoms cause significant distress or impairment

4. disturbance is not a normal part of a broadly accepted cultural or religious practice

5. symptoms are not attributable to the effects of a substance or another medical condition

what are the diagnostic criteria for bulimia? (5)

1. recurrent episodes of binge eating:

   1. eating, in small period of time, more than what most people would

   2. sense of lack of control overeating

2. recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviours in order to prevent weight gain (vomiting, laxatives, fasting, exercises)

3. binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviours at least once a week for 3 months

4. self-evaluation is influenced by body shape and weight gain

5. disturbance doesn’t occur only during episodes of anorexia nervosa

what are the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa? (3)

1. restricted food intake leading to significantly low body weight

2. intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat even though underweight

3. distorted body image: persistent lack of recognition of the seriousness of the current low body weight

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for binge-eating disorder? (5)

1. recurrent episodes of binge eating

2. binge eating is associated with 3 of these (see card 21)

3. marked distress regarding binge eating

4. binge eating occurs at least once a week for 3 months

5. binge eating isn’t associated with the recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory behaviour like bulimia

what is a binge-eating episode associated with? (5)

• eating more rapidly than normal

• eating until feeling uncomfortably full

• eating large amount of food when not feeling physically hungry

• eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much you’re eating

• feeling disgusted with yourself, depressed or very guilty

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder? (11)

*works for any substance: stimulants, opioids, alcohol, cannabis…

1. using larger amount or over a longer period than intended 

2. unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control usage 

3. significant time spent obtaining, using or recovering from substances

4. craving or strong desire to use 

5. failure to fulfill major role obligations 

6. continued use despite persistent social or interpersonal problems 

7. giving up activities in favour of use 

8. using in physically hazardous/dangerous situations 

9. continued use despite health problems 

10. tolerance 

11. withdrawal symptoms 

*at least 2 for 12 months

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia? (6)

1. two or more of the following, at least one needs to be the first three

   1. delusions 

   2. hallucinations 

   3. disorganized speech 

   4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour 

   5. negative symptoms 

2. level of functioning in a major area (work, interpersonal relations) is below normal 

3. continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months 

4. schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out because 

   1. no major depressive or manic episodes 

   2. mood episodes have not be major 

5. if there is a history of autistic spectrum disorder or communication disorder during childhood, schizophrenia is diagnosed only of there are delusions or hallucinations 

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder? (4)

1. two or more for at least one month

   1. delusions

   2. hallucinations

   3. disorganized speech

   4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour

   5. negative symptoms

2. episode lasts at least one month, but less than 6 months

3. schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out because

   1. no major depressive or manic episodes

   2. if mood episodes have been occurred, they aren’t major

4. disturbance can’t be attributed to the physiological effects of a substance or medication

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for delusional disorder? (5)

1. presence of one (or more) delusions with a duration of one month or longer

2. criterion A for schizophrenia (hallucinations and delusions) have never been met

3. apart from the impact of the delusions, functioning has not been remarkably been impaired

4. if manic or major depressive episodes have occurred these have been tried relative to the duration of the delusional periods

5. disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition and isn’t better explained by another mental disorder (OCD, BDD)

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for brief psychotic disorder? (3)

1. presence of one or more of the following 

   1. delusions

   2. hallucinations

   3. disorganized speech 

   4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour 

2. duration of an episode of the disturbance is at least one day, but less than one month before going back into premorbid level of functioning

3. disturbance isn’t better explained by major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder or schizophrenia or catatonia or substances

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for paranoid personality disorder? (2)

1. distrust and suspiciousness of others such that they interpret motives as malevolent, 4 of the following

   1. suspects without proof that others are exploiting or harming them 

   2. preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of others 

   3. reluctant to confide because they believe that the information will be used against them 

   4. reads hidden meaning in benign remarks 

   5. persistently bears grudge 

   6. perceives attack on their reputation that are not apparent to others and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack 

   7. recurrent suspicions without justification about the fidelity of romantic partner 

2. doesn’t occur only during schizophrenia or disorder with psychotic features, not due to another medical condition

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for schizoid personality disorder? (2)

1. pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, four or more of following

   1. doesn’t desire or enjoy close relationships (including family)

   2. almost always chooses solitary activities

   3. has little to no interest in having sexual relationships

   4. takes pleasure in almost no activities

   5. lack close friends other than first-degree relatives

   6. appears indifferent to praises or criticism

   7. show emotional coldness, detachment

2. doesn’t occur only during schizophrenia or psychotic disorder or autism spectrum, not caused by another medical condition

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for schizotypal personality disorder? (2)

1. social and interpersonal deficits marked by reduced/discomfort with close relationships, at least 5 of the following

   1. ideas of reference (but not delusions of reference)

   2. unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions

   3. odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behaviour and is inconsistent with subcultural norms

   4. odd thinking and speech

   5. suspiciousness or paranoid ideation

   6. inappropriate or constricted affect

   7. behaviour or appearance is odd

   8. lack of close friends other than first degree relatives 

   9. excessive social anxiety that is associated with paranoid fears and not negative judgments 

2. doesn’t occur only during schizophrenia or psychotic disorders or autism spectrum disorder 

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for histrionic personality disorder? (1)

1. pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, 5 of the following 

   1. uncomfortable in situations where not centre of attention

   2. interaction with others is characterized with inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behaviour

   3. display rapidly shifting and shallow expressions of emotions

   4. constantly uses physical appearance to draw attention to self

   5. has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail

   6. shows self-dramatization, theatricality and exaggerated expression of emotion

   7. easily influenced by others

   8. considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are

what are the DSM5 criteria for narcissistic personality disorder? (1)

1. need for grandiosity, admiration and lack of empathy, at least 5 of the following

   1. grandiose sense of self-importance

   2. preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty or ideal love

   3. believe that they are special and unique, can only be understood or associated with other high status people

   4. requests excessive admiration

   5. sense of entitlement

   6. is interpersonally exploitative

   7. lacks of empathy

   8. envious of others or believes that others are envious of them

   9. arrogant, haughty behaviour

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality disorder? (4)

1. disregard for and violations of rights of others, at least 3 of the following

   1. filante to conforme to social noms 

   2. deceitfulness, lying, use of aliases

   3. impulsivity or failure to plan ahead 

   4. irritabilité and aggressiveness 

   5. reckless disregarded for safety of self or others 

   6. consistent irresponsibility 

   7. lack of remorse 

2. at least 18 years old 

3. evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age of 15

4. occurrence of antisocial behaviour isn’t exclusively during the course of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder 

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for bordeline personality disorder? (1)

1. instabilité of interpersonal relationships, self-image and marked impulsivity, at least 5

   1. effort to avoid real or imagined abandonment

   2. pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships alternating between idealization and devaluation

   3. identity disturbance: unstable image of self

   4. impulsivity

   5. récurent suicidal behaviour

   6. affective instability due to a marked reactivity in mood

   7. chronic feeling of emptiness

   8. inappropriate, intense anger and difficulty controlling it

   9. transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for dependent personality disorder? (1)

1. excessive need to be taken care of, which leads to clingy behaviour and fear of separation, at least 5 of:

   1. difficulty making everyday decisions without excessive amount of advice and reassurance

   2. need other to assume responsibility of major areas of their life

   3. difficulty expressing disagreement with others because of fear of loss of support or approval

   4. difficulté inijating projects or doing things on their own (lack of confidence and not lack of energy)

   5. goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others (do things that are unpleasant)

   6. feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of fears of being unable to take care of themselves

   7. urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support when a close relationship ends

   8. unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of themselves 

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for avoidant personality disorder? (1)

1. pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluations

   1. avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact because

   2. unwilling to get involved with people unless certainty of being liked

   3. restraint within intimate relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed

   4. preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations

   5. inhibited in new interpersonal situations because feeling of inadequacy

   6. views self as socially inept, personally unappealing or inferior to others

   7. unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in new activities because they may prove embarrassing 

what are the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? (1)

1. preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, mental and interpersonal control at the expense of being flexible, open and efficient

   1. preoccupied with details, likes, lists and order to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost

   2. shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion

   3. excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendship

   4. overconscientious and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics or values (not for religion or culture)

   5. unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value

   6. reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they submit to their ways

   7. adopts a miserly spending style toward both self and others (money needs to be hoarded just in case)

   8. shows rigidity and stubbornness