Phagocytosis in host innate immunity

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5 Terms

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Innate immune response

  • recognizes difference between self and bacteria (like non-specific barriers)

  • not specific to one pathogen —> cannot target unique features of individual organisms

  • present from birth

  • limited diversity

  • no memory

  • responds instantly to presence of pathogen

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Surveillance to combat invaders

  • phagocytosis

  • cytokines

  • interferons

  • complement

  • inflammation and fever

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Components of blood

  • Plasma

    • iron transport

    • proteins for inflammation and blood clotting

    • complement proteins

    • antibodies

  • Leukocytes (WBC)

    • basophils

    • neutrophils

    • eosinophils

    • monocytes

    • lymphocytes

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Phagocytosis

  • phagocytic cells = neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages

  • can leave blood to attack microbes in tissues

    • diapedesis

  • cells find bacteria using chemotaxis

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Steps of Phagocytosis

  1. Chemotaxis

  2. Adherence

    1. opsonization

  3. Ingestion

    1. pseudopods extended to surround microbe and form phagosome

  4. Killing

    1. lysosome adds digestive chemicals to phagosome

  5. Elimination

    1. remnants of microbe expelled with exocytosis