Lab Animal Lecture Final Exam

Exam 1/2 & New Material

Which activity is not considered a component of laboratory animal science?

Diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases

Who is responsible for planning and coordinating all phases of the research work on a research team?

PrimaryInvestigator

Which of the following would include guidelines for care and use of livestock and poultry being used in agricultural research?

The Ag Guide

A written document that must be reviewed by the IACUC and that describes why animals are needed, what procedures will be performed on the animals, and how the animals will be housed and cared for throughout the project is called a(n):

Animal use protocol

What are roles that veterinary technicians may play on a research team?

Control undesirable variables (differences in cleaning, sanitization procedures, feed and bedding, humidity, heat, light, noise)

Alert veterinary staff to ensure proper veterinary care to animals

Immediately report environmental changes, changes in animal handling methods and error made in day to day husbandry tasks.

Which of the following animals would not be covered under the Animal Welfare Act?

Poultry used on a poultry nutrition study (nutritional study)

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the members which MUST be included on the IACUC Committee?

At least one member must be a nonscientist representing public interests

To what document or regulation would you refer if a question about the proper method of euthanizing a fish were asked of you?

AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia

What federal law was enacted initially to protect pet owners from the theft of their animals by preventing the sale or use of animals which have been stolen?

Animal Welfare Act (AWA)

If you are in the facility when a major disaster or accident occurs, what should be first priority?

Protecting human life

Who should receive training for handling security issues in an animal facility?

Everyone involved with work at a facility

Which document contains information regarding potential disasters, evacuation, and emergency contacts?

Disaster Plan

What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of an institution-wide disaster response plan?

Periodic disaster drills

What is the MOST common type of injury in the workplace?

Slips and falls

If you receive a bite wound from an animal in a laboratory research facility, you should scrub for 15 minutes with soap and warm water. What should you do next?

Stop all activities and notify your supervisor.

What is the purpose of an occupational health and safety plan?

A plan which is designed to protect your health and safety in the workplace by addressing your hazards and risks associated with your work responsibilities.

Which form of feed requires calcium supplementation when used as a diet?

Live

What is a biosecurity plan?

Actions and facility designs which prevent vandalism and theft of research animals, agents, and materials.

What is a hazard?

A material or system with the potential to cause harm

Which of the following agencies is responsible for enforcing the guidelines stated in the PHS Policy?

NIH-OLAW

What is a lixit?

A dispenser for an automatic watering system

Which animal used in research is most frequently responsible for causing allergies in personnel?

Rats

In reference to change stations or laminar flow cabinets, the abbreviation “HEPA”, as in a HEPA filter, refers to:

High efficiency particulate air

What does the term ‘microenvironment” refer to?

The environment inside the animal’s cage

What type of cage allows for collection and measurement of urine and feces and requires IACUC approval for use?

Metabolism cage

Whenever possible, social animals should be housed:

In gang cages with socially agreeable cagemates

Which of the following is a measure of calcium and magnesium ions present in water?

Water hardness

What type of rodent cage contains a filter in its lid to prevent microorganisms from entering the cage and contains a system for either passive or ventilated air flow?

Microisolation cage

Which of the following is NOT an acceptable material for laboratory animal caging?

Galvanized steel

If you place an animal inside an isolation room and pressurize it to prevent contamination to any of the areas outside of that room, this is called:

Biocontainment

A bioexclusion barrier would be maintained at what air pressure relative to surrounding areas?

Postive

The Guide recommends a room ventilation rate of how many air changes per hour?

10-15

If you see 14:10 written in an SOP for lighting in an animal room, this means a cycle of:

14 hours of light followed by 10 hours of darkness

What is the effect of noise on animals?

It produces stress in the animals.

High humidity in animal rooms may cause which negative consequence?

Increased feed spoilage and mold

What process destroys all microorganisms on, and sometimes, inside an object?

Sterilization

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

If two separate animal rooms house the same species, they can share a mop, broom, and other cleaning implements

Essential amino acids:

Must be present in sufficient amounts in the diet for proper health and nutrition.

Which of the following are water soluble vitamins?

B,C

Which of the following is TRUE regarding autoclaved diets?

Contains elevated levels of nutrients to compensate for loss during the sterilization process.

Which of the following would be considered an emergency situation in the lab animal setting?

An automatic watering system failure occurs.

Which of the following is NOT classified as a nutrient:

Fiber

What is the milling date on a bag of animal feed?

The date the feed was made

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding laboratory animal husbandry?

The goal of animal husbandry is to minimize stress while providing appropriate physical and psychological care for all animals.

Which of the following is a way to permanently identify a laboratory animal?

Ear punches

This form of feed is created by grinding and molding into different shapes and sizes using pressure and heat:

Extruded

Which of the following forms of animal identification is discouraged unless justified to IACUC?

Toe clipping

Which of the following types of diets includes an analysis of the energy and nutrient contents for every individual bag of feed produced from a single production run?

Certified feed

Which of the following biological safety cabinets contains a glove box and is used with high risk organisms?

Class III

Why should you NOT feed alfalfa hay in large amounts to guinea pigs?

High calcium; low Mg content

Which of the following is an advantage when using animals purchased from Class A dealers?

History and health status are known since birth.

Which types of animals have no detectable bacteria, viruses, or microbes of any kind?

Axenic

Disinfect the outside of shipping containers when:

Any/all animal containers arrive at the facility but before animals are removed from the containers.

During which period will laboratory animals be exposed to their standardized environmental, nutritional, and other husbandry tasks prior to use in a study?

Acclimation

What is porphyrin staining?

Reddish-brown to yellow – brown discoloration around the eyes, nose, and medial aspects of the front limbs

What is the primary purpose of quarantine at a research facility where animals are used in research?

Verify the health status of new animals arriving at the facility before being added to a study.

Which of the following pieces of information is NOT required to be on the cage card for an animal at the research facility?

Age and weight

Which of the following is an enteral route for drug administration?

PO

In the metric system, which of the following units is the base unit for distance?

Meter

The temperature in the room is 86⁰ F. What is this temperature in ⁰C?

30°C

Healthy animals placed in each cage (microenvironment) along with other animals being used in the study for the purpose of detecting disease are called:

Direct sentinel animals

Isolation rooms are maintained under _________ air pressure with _______ barriers.

Negative; biocontainment

According to the AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia, an acceptable method of euthanasia is defined as one which minimizes pain and distress to the animals and:

Must consistently result in rapid death when used as the sole means of euthanasia without additional conditions.

The euthanasia procedure is not complete until the animal is confirmed dead. Which of the following is the only sign that indicates the animal has been successively euthanized by itself?

Rigor mortis

Which of the following is TRUE when using inhalant anesthetics for humane euthanasia?

Inhalants are not preferred for euthanizing animals which are able to survive in hypoxic states.

MS – 222 is commonly used to euthanize which species of laboratory animal?

Amphibians and fish

Which of the following describes how the genes code information for the body’s structure?

Genotype

What rodent breeding method produces animals with maximum genetic differences?

Outbreeding

Which of the following describes the number of times a female has been pregnant and produced viable offspring?

Parity

A female mouse is introduced in the afternoon to a male mouse’s cage. You check the cage in the morning to see if copulation has occurred.  What are you looking for?

Vaginal plug

A strange male mouse was introduced into a female’s cage within 24 hours of mating with her normal mate. When checked 12 days later by ultrasound, she was not pregnant. Which of the following effects most likely occurred?

Bruce effect

A strain is considered inbred after at least _____ generations of brother-sister mating.

20

How many hours prior to a surgical procedure should food be withheld from a mouse?

Food should not be withheld.

In female mice, the anogenital distance is:

Shorter than male mice

Newborn mice are born pink, hairless, and helpless.  This is known as:

Altricial

Which of the following parasites of mice are best diagnosed by a perianal tape test?

Syphacia obvelata

When using inhalant anesthetics to perform humane euthanasia, why is it unacceptable to place an animal into an induction chamber already filled with inhalant anesthetic?

Animals tend to hold their breath which causes distress.

Which of the following is a commonly used outbred rat?

Sprague Dawley

You walk into a room containing recently received rats still under quarantine.  Many of the rats have porphyrin staining around the eyes and nose.  What does this mean?

The rats were stressed during shipment.

Which anatomical structure is absent in the rat?

Gallbladder

What can happen when new animals of the same strain are not introduced into closed colonies over time?

Genetic drift

What is the most common cause of ringtail in rats?

Low humidity

Which of the following is the most common hamster used in research?

Syrian hamster

How would hamsters respond if the room temperature were to drop below 41 degrees Fahrenheit?

They would sleep in a hibernation – like state

Which anatomical features make the hamster an ideal model for studies involving tumor and tissue implants?

The lack of lymphatic vessels in the cheek pouch and an unusual immune system

Why should hamsters be fed in a bowl on the floor of the cage?

They have a blunt nose which makes it difficult to reach food through a wire feeder.

A female is introduced into the cage of a male at the beginning of the dark cycle. If copulation does not occur within 5 minutes or she becomes aggressive, the female is removed from the cage. If copulation does occur, she is left in the cage until the following light cycle begins. What mating system does this describe?

Hand

Which of the following is an inbred strain of mice commonly used in biomedical research?

BALB/c

An adjunctive method of euthanasia is defined as being used ONLY when which of the following conditions is met?

The animal is anesthetized, insentient, or unconscious.

You have 1 ml of a drug and need to create a 1:20 dilution before administering this drug to your rat. How many mls of sterile saline should you use to create this dilution? 

19 mls

Which of the following is an unwanted variable that could interfere negatively with research results?

Favoritism when handling mice on a study

Which of the following drugs should you never administer to hamsters?

Penicillin

Which of the following is one advantage to selecting a physical method of euthanasia?

Euthanasia does not leave chemical residues in the tissues.

I am collecting blood samples from rabbits for serological analysis. I have collected 3 mls of blood from each rabbit.  I must record my blood volume in liters, so I will record:

0.003 L

Which of the following is an example of an unacceptable method of euthanasia?

Air embolism

A 100 kg block of frozen brine shrimp is equal to how many grams?

100,000 g

What is the term used when a behaviorally dominant mouse chews the hair off of other mice?

Barbering

During which step in the experimental design will you design and submit your animal use protocol for IACUC approval if you are using animals in your research experiment?

Before conducting the study and collecting data.

Which of the following routes for chemical euthanasia is adjunctive ONLY?

IC

Which outbred stock of rat is commonly used in research and is also called the hooded rat?

Long Evans