Greek Studies - 1st Midterm The Gods

First midterm, Chaos to Cosmos, Titans and the Olympians

Blood from Castration of Uranus fell to Gaia to create …

Giants, nymphs, erinyes (Aphrodite)

Titan who freed them all from Gaia’s womb

Kronos

2nd Generation of Olympians

Athena, Persephone, Apollo, Artemis, Hebe, Ares, Eileithyia, Hephaestus, Hermes, Dionysus, Heracles, 3 Seasons, 3 Fates, 3 Graces and 9 Muses

12 Titans

Phoebe, Oceanus, Mnemosyne, Coeus, Crius, Iapetus, Theia, Rhea, Hyperion, Kronos, Tethys, Themis

Aphrodite’s Companions

Eros, the Hours, the Graces

Homer’s equivalent of Gaia and Uranus

Ocean and Tethys

Metis

Wisdom and Cunning

Aphrodite’s Island of Arrival

Cythera (cyprus)

Themis

Lawful order

Hebe

Goddess of youth

Children of Cronus and Rhea

Poseidon, Zeus, Hades, Hestia, Hera, Demeter

Pandora’s Birth

Hephaestus: formed her from clay

Hermes: Voice and name

Athena: Housewife skills

Aphrodite: Grace and Longing

Homeric Aphrodite’s Parents

Zeus and Dione

Children of Iapetus and Clymene

Prometheus, Menoetius, Atlas, Epimetheus

Poseidon

The God of the sea (Earthshaker), fought against Athena for Athens

Hephaestus mates (Hesiod vs Homer)

Hesiod: Aglaea (a Grace)

Homer: Aphrodite

Pentheus

King of Thebes, Son of Agave, Cousin to Dionysus who refused to believe Dionysus was divine

Maia

Mother of Hermes, Daughter to Atlas

Mate of Ares and mother of …

Aphrodite and mother of Harmonia

Who does Hesiod claim inspired the Theogony

The Muses

Atlas

Fought against the Titans, and was punished to hold up the world

Adonis

Mortal lover of Aphrodite (and Persephone) killed by a boar

Athena

Goddess of wisdom and warfare and patron of the arts

Apollo

God of music, poetry, prophecy, medicine. The son of Zeus and Leto

Iron Age

Current age, Civil war, toil and woe

Semele

Daughter of the king of Thebes (Cadmus) and Harmonia, Princess and mother of Dionysus by Zeus

Pontus

The sea, son of Gaia

What does hesiod disclose

Myths contradict themselves

Eileithyia

Goddess of Childbirth

Ares

God of war, mate of Aphrodite

Hephaestus

God of Metalwork, ugliest god, mate of Aphrodite

Which Olympian is actually a Demi-god

Dionysus, son of Zeus and princess Semele

Who told Rhea to give a rock to Cronus

Gaia

Why did Zeus swallow Metis

Fear of the next generation overtaking him, succession myth

Very first of all Chaos, (wide bosomed, depth of broad land, loosens the limbs)

Gaia, Tartarus and Eros respectively

Other genealogies, mother of the loosener of limbs is …

Aphrodite

How is Argus killed

Hermes bores him to sleep with the talk of music then chops his head off

Hermes 1st day

Born at dawn, played lyre by midday, stole Apollo’s cattle by evening

Dionysus’s Birth

Semele gets electrocuted by Zeus. Zeus takes the fetus puts it in his thigh becoming his 2nd “mother”

Plato and Myths (what did he write)

Believed the new myths should teach good values and behavior to children. He wrote Atlantis

Prometheus tricks

Tricked the gods into giving the humans the best parts of the animals and stole fire from Olympus to give to the humans

Typhoeus

God of storms, sent by Gaia to fight Zeus after the battle with the Titans

Children of Zeus and Hera

Hebe, Ares, Hephaestus

Dionysus

God of wine, theatre and drunkenness. Patron of the arts

Bronze age

War and weapons

Silver age

Agriculture, remained very young for a long time

Gold age

Garden of Eden (peace)

Mountain Zeus threw onto Typhoeus

Mt.Etna

Original meaning of Pandora

Giver of all gifts

What does Pandora open, what remained

Pandora opened a jar, and only hope remained

Hero Age

IIiad and Odyssey (the ways of the gods)

Athena’s Birth

Born from the head of Zeus

Nike, figure of victory

Athena’s attendant

What do centaurs represent

Barbarians

Amazons

Women warriors opposite of “feminine” beauty

The Graces

Daughters of Zeus (Eurynome)

Artemis

Goddess of the hunt and the moon, patron of marriage and childbirth

Tityos

Giant who raped Leto, punished in the underworld by liver pecking birds

Niobe

Offends Leto, stating she herself is better. Artemis and Apollo kill all her children

Actaeon

Mortal who accidentally saw Artemis bathing was turned into a stag and killed by his own hounds

Hermes

God of messengers and tricksters (winged shoes), the patron of herding

Argus

100 eyed monsters guarding Io, killed by Hermes. Eyes put into Hera’s peacock

Io

Women Zeus slept with turned into a cow and was given to Hera accidentally. Guarded by Argus

To be an Olympian

Direct descendant of Kronos/Rhea or one of their descendants

The battle between the Titans and the Olympians

Titanomachy

The Hours

represent the agriculture

Aphrodite’s mates (Hesiod vs Homer)

Hesiod: Ares

Homer: Hephaestus

Heavenly Aphrodite

Hesiodic

Aphrodite pandemos or Vulgar Aphrodite

Homeric

Mnemosyne

Memory

Tethys

Grandmother

Phoebe

Moon

Hyperion

Sun

What did Cronus do to prevent the birth of his children

He ate them

Why were the four armed humans split in two

They revolted against the gods

Who referred to the races as the ages

Ovid

Hesiods 5 ages

Gold, Silver, Bronze, Heroes, Iron

Ovids 5 Ages

Gold, Silver, Bronze, Iron and Stone

Mother and father of the muses

Zeus and Mnemosyne

Chaos

A space where things occur, void

Children of Erebus and Night

Aether and Day

Children of Gaia

Uranus (sky), Pontus (sea) and Mountains

Children of Gaia and Uranus

The 12 Titans, 3 Hecatoncheires and 3 Cyclops

Child of Coeus and Phoebe

Daughter Leto

Jupiter

Zeus