APUSH 1775-1783 CHPT 8

From Jocz Production Notes

1775

The year Bunker Hill took place where the British take the hill, but colonists hold their own, this builds confidence of the colonists; The Olive Branch Petition was sent to King George III that he dismissed and declared the colonies in rebellion (still no clear consensus for independence)

1776

The year Thomas Paine writes the “Common Sense” that argued for independence

Declaration of Independence

In 1776 Thomas Jefferson drafted this formal declaration that listed grievances against King George III, declared “unalienable rights” (natural rights), supported popular sovereignty

Patriots

Colonists who fought against the British

Loyalists

Colonists loyal to the British were treated as traitors, their property was seized, they were harassed, about 80k emigrated from the USA

British Strengths

Great Britain was military and economically superior to the colonies

Colonial Weaknesses

Loyalist opposition, weak government structure under the Continental Congress and eventually the Articles of Confederation

Colonial Strengths

Colonists had greater familiarity with the land, use of guerilla warfare, resilient military and political leadership (Washington at Valley Forge), commitment, eventual support from France,

British Weaknesses

Bad defeat in the 7 Years War leads to debt, tax acts place on colonists to replace war debt but backfires

1778

The year France and the colonies formed a formal alliance followed the Battle of Saratoga

1777

The year Trenton occurred were Washington crossed the Delaware River and captured 1,000 Hessian soldiers, also the year the Battle of Saratoga occurred when the British surrendered and France joined the side of the Americans

1781

The year the Battle of Yorktown occurred when General Cornwallis surrendered to Americans and French troops

1783

The year the Treaty of Paris was created by Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, and John Adams that negotiated the end of the war and US boundary extended to the Mississippi River

State Constitutions

This abolished many old European laws and traditions

Abigail Adams

This person called for greater rights for women and is known for her words “Remember the Ladies”

Republican Motherhood

The idea which called on women to teach republican values within the family

Lord Dunmore

This person promised freedom to army slaves who fought for the British if they were to win (the British lost)

Pennsylvania Gradual Emancipation Law

In 1780 this law stated that no more slaves could come into the Pennsylvania and children of slaves would be considered free