Nitrogen Cycle Pre-AP biology

What is nitrogen fixation by lightning, where does it take place, and what are its starting and ending forms?

It’s when lightning strikes, resulting in nitrates being released in the air. Start form: N². End form: NO+4 (ammonium)

What is nitrogen fixation by decomposers, where does it occur, and what are the starting and ending forms?

Decomposers break down organic matter and turn it into NO3- and NH4+. This is in soil.

What is bacterial denitrification, where does it occur, and how does it start and end?

Bacteria convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas and release it back into the atmosphere. Start form: NO3- (nitrate). End form: N2. Occurs in soil.

What is nitrogen fixation by symbiotic bacteria, where does it occur, and how does it start and end?

When nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert N2 into usable forms. Happens in plants. Start form: N2. End form: NO3- (nitrate) or NH4+ (ammonium)

What is plant assimilation, where does it occur, and what are the ending forms?

Plants absorb nutrients in the soil from their roots. Start form: NO3- (nitrate) or NH4+ (ammonium). End form: plant proteins, nucleic acids

What is animal assimilation, where does it occur, and how does it start and end?

When animals eat other things and gain its energy. Start: plant proteins, nucleic acids. End: animal proteins, nucleic acids

What is agriculture assimilation, where does it occur, and what are starting and ending forms?

Agriculture assiminilation is when fertilizers are absorbed by plants and turned into plant (crop) proteins and nucleotides.

What is assimilation/algal bloom, where does it occur, and what are starting and ending forms?

Algal bloom is when excess fertilizers can travel to bodies of water thru surface runoff, resulting in its nutrients causing unnatural algal growth that disrupts natural processes in aquatic ecosystems. Starts as fertilizer, ends as algae proteins and nucleic acids

What is industrial nitrogen fixation, where does it occur, and what are starting and ending forms?

When the combustion of fossil fuels can produce ammonium. Start form: N2. End form: NH4+ (ammonium)

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Fixation by lightning

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Surface runoff/algal bloom

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Industrial fixation

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Animal assimilation

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Bacterial denitrification

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Agriculture assimilation

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Nitrogen fixation by symbiotic bacteria

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Decomposed nitrogen fixation

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Plant assimilation

Which three nitrogen processes are human caused?

Agricultural assimilation, algal bloom, and industrial nitrogen fixation

Which processes take N2 (nitrogen gas) and converts it into usable forms for the ecosystem?

All nitrogen fixations

Which processes move nitrogen through the middle of the process

All assimilations

Which processes move nitrogen back into the sky?

Denitrification