Network Servers and Services Lesson 002: Web Servers

Web Servers

Any server that provides access to a website.

What does HTTP stand for?

Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

What does HTTPS stand for?

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure.

What are the two methods for accessing web servers?

HTTP and HTTPS.

What port/s does HTTP utilize?

Port 80.

What port/s does HTTPS utilize?

Port 443

What does a web server using HTTPS have?

A digital certificate installed.

What does HTTPS utilize when establishing and utilizing a connection?

A secure and encrypted tunnel between the client web browser and the web server.

What does IIS stand for?

Internet Information Services.

Internet Information Services

Extensible web server software created by Microsoft, through HTTP, HTTP/2, AND HTTPS.

What web server software is used by Microsoft?

IIS.

Apache

Most popular, common, and open source way to run a web server and is what is mainly used today.

NGINX

Reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy, and HTTP cache.

What does NGINX have that IIS and Apache doesn’t?

Better performance.

What is used to create and display web pages when using HTTP?

HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

How does a web server display a website to a client?

A get message is automatically sent to the web server though the utilization of DNS > the code is sent from the server to the browser > the browser builds the website based off of the code provided to the client.

What does FQDN stand for?

Fully Qualified Domain Name.

What is used when going to a web server to access information?

A FQDN.

Are FQDNs case sensitive?

No.

What is considered a FQDN?

www.diontraining.com.

What does URL stand for?

Uniform Resource Locator.

Uniform Resource Locator

Combines the FQDN with a protocol at the beginning.

What is the “https://” in a URL address?

The protocol.

What is the “www” in a URL address?

The server being specified.

What is the “diontraining” in a URL address?

Domain name.

What is the “.com” in a URL address?

The top-level domain.

What does it mean if a web server has a digital certificate installed from a trusted certificate authority?

When a web browser connects to a server, it will be able to see a digital certificate to create a random code.

What happens when a client device requests a website from a web server with an installed digital certificate?

The client system creates a random code > the code is encrypted and sent over using the web server’s digital certificate > the web server receives the encrypted code and decrypts it > the web server utilizes the received client’s code to create an encrypted tunnel between the client and the web server > information is transferred securely.