Studied by 3 people
Las Casas
________ argued that Native Americans were humans as well, so enslaving them was morally wrong and unjustified.
Adena Hopewell culture
________ (based in current day Ohio) is famous for its earthen mounds.
Buffaloes
________ were their source of food, as well as their decorations, crafting tools, knives, and clothing.
Woodland Native Americans
________ prospered with a rich food supply from hunting, fishing, and agriculture.
Surplus of wealth
________ allowed for a society with greater variations between social and economic classes to exist.
Iroquois Confederation
________: powerful political union of several tribes from the Great Lakes and New York area (Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and the Tuscarora); battled rival Native Americans as well as Europeans.
Columbus voyage
________ brought people into lasting contact with the Atlantic.
Spain
________ and Portugal were the first kingdoms to claim territories in the Americas.
Variety of landforms
________ and climate allowed for tremendous diversity in cultures in North American Natives (prior to 1492)
Germany
Early 1500s: certain Christians in ________, England, France, Holland, and other Northern European countries revolted against the authority of the pope in Rome.
1550 1551
Debate of the role of Native Americans was a formal debate in ________ in Valladolid, Spain.
Native Americans
Africans, just like ________, resisted European domination by maintaining elements of their culture.
Challenge
________: finding a new way to Asian trade appeared by sailing either south along the West African coast and then east to China, or sailing west across the Atlantic ocean.
17th century
Acquired horses in ________ after trading or stealing them from Spanish settlers; with horses, tribes like the Lakota Sioux could easily follow buffalo herds.
1450s
Invention of printing press in the ________ helped spread knowledge across Europe.
Isabella
1492: (________ and Ferdinand) 2 Spanish monarchs who were at the height of their power defeated the Moors in Granada.
Massachusetts
In ________, the English and the Native Americans coexisted and shared many things and ideas with each other.
political conditions
Social, economic, and ________ allowed for the idea of exploration to be supported by many in Europe.
Jamestown
1607: Founding of the first permanent English settlement in ________, Virginia.
joint stock company
The ________ encouraged more investors, promoting economic growth.
Renaissance
________: rebirth of classical learning which promoted an outburst of scientific and artistic activity in the 15th and 16th centuries.
Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda
________ believed that Native Americans were less than human, which meant that they benefitted from the encomienda system.
Roman Catholic Church
________ and its leader, the pope, dominated western Europe for a long time.
Columbus
After sailing from the Canary Islands on Sept. 6, ________ landed on an island in the Bahamas on October 12.
Columbian Exchange
________: the trade and transfer of plants, animals, and germs from one side of the Atlantic to the other for the first time.
Queen Elizabeth I
________ encouraged exploration and settlement during in the later 16th century.
Mexico
Spread of maize cultivation from ________ allowed for for economic growth and the development of irrigation systems.
15th century
________: Portuguese began trading for enslaved people from West Africa.
Castile
________ and Aragon to form the core of the modern country of Spain.
Europeans
________ generally viewed Native Americans as inferior people that could be exploited for economic gain, converted to Christianity, and used as military allies.
Population growth
________ and and access to new resources caused an increase in trade which further caused social, political, and economic changes to occur.
Conflicts
________ between the Protestants and the Catholics led to a series of wars that killed millions in the 16th and 17th century.
Nutrition of corn
________ allowed populations to grow and to become highly organized and socially diversified societies.
Capitalism
________: an economic system where the control of capital (money and machinery) became more important that the control of land.
Spanish wealth
The ________ and power increased through the explorers and conquistadores, as well as the physical labor of the enslaved Africans and Native Americans.
American culture
The banjo would be closely associated with the ________ in the southeast by the 19th century.
Columbus first voyage
________ is significant because it initiated lasting contact between two groups of people.
Las Casas
________ was unable to gain equal treatment for Native Americans, but he was able to establish the basic arguments for the justice of Native Americans.
Spain
1492: Spanish conquered the last Moorish stronghold in ________ (Granada) under the leadership of Isabella and Ferdinand.
Native Americans
Contact between ________, Europeans, and Africans in the Americas was violent and lasted for a longer time.
1607
Founding of the first permanent English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia
1490
The population north of Mexico (present-day United States and Canada) ranges from under one million to more than ten million
Reason for this
the spreading of cultivation of corn (maize) from Mexico to the North
Current location
along the Pacific coast, modern day Alaska to Northern California
Iroquois Confederation
powerful political union of several tribes from the Great Lakes and New York area (Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and the Tuscarora) ; battled rival Native Americans as well as Europeans
Renaissance
rebirth of classical learning which promoted an outburst of scientific and artistic activity in the 15th and 16th centuries
8th century
Moors (Islamic invaders from North Africa) quickly conquered most of modern-day Spain
1492
Spanish conquered the last Moorish stronghold in Spain (Granada) under the leadership of Isabella and Ferdinand
Early 1500s
certain Christians in Germany, England, France, Holland, and other Northern European countries revolted against the authority of the pope in Rome
1498
Portuguese sea captain Vasco da Gama was the first European to reach India via this route
15th century
Portuguese began trading for enslaved people from West Africa
Nation states
countries in which the majority of people shared both a common culture and common loyalty to a certain government
1493
The pope drew a vertical, north-south line on a world map (line of demarcation)
Purpose of Columbuss voyage
finding a sea route the lucrative trade with Asia which has been limited by long and dangerous land route
1492
(Isabella and Ferdinand) 2 Spanish monarchs who were at the height of their power defeated the Moors in Granada
Columbian Exchange
the trade and transfer of plants, animals, and germs from one side of the Atlantic to the other for the first time
Capitalism
an economic system where the control of capital (money and machinery) became more important that the control of land
