Prelude to WW1

Where were submarines first created?

Rome

What was the first war submarine that sunk a ship used for?

To attack enemy merchant ships

What was a significant feature of Dreadnoughts?

They shifted the turrets, not the ship

Which countries were involved in the naval arms race?

Germany and England

What did Germany lack compared to England during the arms race?

Money

What is the cooling method for machine guns?

Water or pee

What happens if machine gun bullets are not cooled?

They will melt

What was a unique feature of quick-firing cannons?

They would go up instead of rolling back entirely when fired

Who was Gavrillo Princip?

A young Serb who attempted to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand

What was the outcome of Princip's assassination attempt?

He shot Sophia and Archduke Ferdinand, both died

What did Russia do after the assassination?

Asked for backup from France

What does mobilization refer to?

Calling up an army, which was expensive and indicated war

What was the result of Austria-Hungary's mobilization?

They got their troops ready, leading to a domino effect

When did the war begin?

Summer of 1914

What were airships used for?

(zeppelin) strategic bombing, long-range scouting, and maritime patrol.

What role did airplanes play leading up to the war?

Used for scouting and led to specialized bombers and pilots

What was the goal of diplomacy in Europe before WW1?

To maintain a balance of power

Central Powers

Germany & Austria-Hungary;

Allied Powers

France & Russia

What was the armies race between 1912-1914?

Germany almost had a million soldiers

What did Serbia want in the Balkans?

Control of all the Balkans

What was the Black Hand?

A terrorist organization that couldn't take on Austria

What was France's connection with North Africa in 1914?

They had a special connection with Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia

What did Germany try to do with North Africa?

Make trade deals, which France stopped

Why did Britain form an alliance with Belgium?

To secure a port that could reach Britain in less than an hour

What years did WW1 take place?

1914 - 1918

During which era did WW1 occur?

Progressive era

When did America's involvement in WW1 occur?

1916 - 1918

What was the goal of the head of the family in dynastic thinking?

Pass on the land

Who gains all the property and royal roles in a dynastic family?

The eldest child

What roles did younger children in dynastic families typically take?

Military or upper-level careers

What was the duty of the head of the family?

Increase property, status, and holdings before passing (aggrandizement)

What was the last dynastic war?

WW1

What technological changes affected warfare leading up to WW1?

Railroads, machine guns, quick-firing cannons, radios

What were the major alliances in WW1?

Central powers: Germany & Austria-Hungary; Allied Alliance: France & Russia

What was the armies race period before WW1?

1890s-1914

What country was the strongest in the Balkans?

Serbia

What terrorist organization was involved in the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand?

The Black Hand

Who was Archduke Ferdinand?

The ruler of Austria-Hungary

What was a significant technological advancement used in WW1?

Tanks

What type of gas was notably used in WW1?

Mustard gas

What were trenches filled with during WW1?

Water and mud

What animals were used in WW1 for communication?

War dogs and pigeons