2) Peds: respiratory: upper infections

Resp distress

severe difficulty in achieving adequate oxygenation

signs of resp distress

restlessness, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis

late sign of resp distress

cyanosis

resp failure

body can no longer maintain effective gas eschange

most common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest in children

resp failure

flu symptoms

sudden fever,

dry throat,

dry cough,

flushed face,

myalgia,

fatigue

flu: _____ precautions

droplet

flu vaccine for age

> 6 months

flu meds

oseltamivir (48h of symptom onset)

flu: why no aspirin?

can lead to reyes syndrome

reyes syndrom: what organs affected most?

brain and liver

reyes syndrome causes what to the body?

inc ICP and accumulatoin of fat in liver

reyes syndrome early signs

diarrhea,

rapid breathing,

vomiting,

severe fatigue,

confusion,

seizures,

loss of consciousness

reyes syndrome treatment

none

strep throat caused by

group A strep

pharyngitis symptoms

pharyngitis,

headache,

fever,

abdominal pain,

tonsils inflamed (day 2)

strep throat lab test

rapid antigen test; throat culture

strep throat treatment

antibiotics (penicillin/amoxicillin),

replace toothbrush (after 3 days)

Mono caused by

epstein-barr virus

Mono symptoms

fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, extreme fatigue, ear pain, rhinorrhea

Mono: why no contact sports?

enlargment of spleen can lead to splenic rupture

tonsillectomy: bleeding common at

1 week mark

tonsillectomy: evidence of bleeding

swallowing,

clearing of throat,

retlessness,

tachycardia,

pallor

tonsillectomy: diet and what to avoid

clear; avoid red, citrus, milk

toncillectomy meds

tylenol, motrin

otitis media

inner ear infection

otitis media hallmark characterisitcs

inflammation of middle ear ; middle ear effusion

otitis media most common in age

< 2

otitis media meds

amoxicillin (10 day); augment (recurrent); cetriaxone (1 dose)

otits media complications

mastoiditis (redness/swelling behind ear)

recurrent otitis media treatment

tympanostomy

otitis externa symptoms

ear pain, itchiness, discharge (green)

otitis externa is also called

swimmers ear

otitis externa treatment

antibacterial ear drops

otitis externa risk factors

smoking, congenital abnormalities

pertussis is also called

whooping cough

pertussis symptoms

paryxysmal cough, difficulty eating

pertussis: who is most at risk

< 2 months (before Dtap)

pertussis med

azithromycin

Stridor

narrowing of upper airway

croup

inflammation of epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi

viral croup

spasmodic laryngitis/laryngotracheobronchitis

bacterial croup

epiglottitis/bacteral tracheitis

laryngotracheobronchitis: age

3 m-8 y

laryncotracheobronchitis symptoms

fever, restlessness, barky cough, dyspnea, inspiratory stridor, retractions

laryngotracheobronchitis infant symptoms

nasal flaring, intercostal retraction, tachypnea, continuous stridor

laryngotracheobronchitis severe case

stridor at rest, resp distress

laryngotracheobronchitis treatment

deamthasone (mild); systemic corticosteroid/nebuliced racemic epinephrine (severe)

Epiglottitis: cause

haemophilus influenza, strep pneumoniae

epiglottitis: preventable due to

Hib vaccine

epiglottitis: _____ onset

rapid

epiglottitis symptoms

Abnormal position (tripod),

Dysphagia,

Difficulty speaking,

Apprehension,

Inc temp,

Rapid onset,

Nasal flaring,

Use of acceccory muscles,

Retractions,

Stridor,

Enlarged epiglottis

epiglottitis: diet

NPO

Epiglottitis: DO NOT

assess throat

epiglottitis treatment

IV corticosteroids, fluids, antibiotics, antipyretics

tracheitis symptoms

change in voice, stridor, high fever, absent drooling, thick purulent secretions

Tracheitis: _____ onset

sudden

tracheitis treatment

intubation