Cold War: Ideologies, Events, and Global Rivalries in 20th Century
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42 Terms
Cold War ideology
Conflict between capitalism (US) and communism (USSR)
Capitalism
Economic system with private ownership and free markets
Communism
System where the state controls the economy and resources
Superpower rivalry
Competition between US and USSR for global influence
Yalta Conference
1945 meeting where Allies discussed post-WW2 Europe
Potsdam Conference
1945 meeting where tensions increased between US and USSR
Containment
US policy to stop the spread of communism
Truman Doctrine
US policy to support countries resisting communism
Marshall Plan
US economic aid to rebuild Europe and prevent communism
Berlin Blockade (1948-49)
USSR blocked West Berlin
Berlin Airlift
US supplied West Berlin by air
NATO
Western military alliance led by the US
Warsaw Pact
Eastern alliance led by the USSR
Arms race
Competition to build nuclear weapons
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
Closest point to nuclear war
Proxy war
Indirect conflict where superpowers support sides
Korean War
North (communist) vs South (capitalist)
Vietnam War
US fought to stop communism in Vietnam
Iron Curtain
Division between Eastern and Western Europe
Security fears
Both sides feared attack, increasing tension
Cause of WW2 (economic)
Great Depression caused instability
Cause of WW2 (political)
Treaty of Versailles weakened Germany
Cause of WW2 (ideological)
Rise of fascism and expansionism
Total war
Entire population and economy involved
Civilian impact
Bombing, deaths, displacement
Technology in war
Tanks, planes, advanced weapons
Guerrilla warfare
Fighting using ambush tactics
Political effects of war
Changes in governments
Economic effects of war
Destruction of economies
Social effects of war
Loss of life and displacement
WW2 outcome
Axis defeated, US and USSR became superpowers
Chinese Civil War
Communists vs Nationalists in China
Nationalism
Desire for independence or expansion
Militarism
Military influence over government
Main cause of Cold War
Ideology, power struggle, security fears
Why tensions increased
Mutual distrust between US and USSR
Why appeasement failed
Encouraged aggression
Most important war factor
Political or ideological causes
Cold War result
Global division into two blocs
War impact on civilians
Increased suffering from total war
US vs USSR difference
Capitalism vs communism
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