Bio 200 Exam 2.1

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Last updated 8:11 PM on 7/6/26
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14 Terms

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Saturated Fatty acids

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Unsaturated fatty acids

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Nucelus

houses all genetic information, including DNA

<p><span>houses all genetic information, including DNA</span></p>
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nuclear envelope

encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm

<p><span>encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm</span></p>
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Ribosomes

complexes of ribosomal RNA and protein that build proteins

<p><span>complexes of ribosomal RNA and protein that build proteins</span></p>
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Vesicles

how all components of the endomembrane system travel around the cell

<p><span>how all components of the endomembrane system travel around the cell</span></p>
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Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth ER: synthesizes lipids, detoxifies drugs and poisons, stores Calcium
Rough ER: ribosomes inside that secrete glycoproteins and distributes transport vesicles; membrane factory of the cell

<p>Smooth ER: <span>synthesizes lipids, detoxifies drugs and poisons, stores Calcium</span><br>Rough ER: <span>ribosomes inside that secrete glycoproteins and distributes transport vesicles; membrane factory of the cell</span></p>
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Golgi apparatus

consists of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae

  1. modifies products of the ER; cis-side receives materials

  2. manufactures certain macromolecules

  3. sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles; trans-side sends out materials

<p>consists of flattened membrane <span>sacs called cisternae</span></p><ol><li><p>modifies products of the ER; <em>cis</em>-side receives materials</p></li><li><p>manufactures certain macromolecules</p></li><li><p>sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles; <em>trans</em>-side sends out materials</p></li></ol><p></p>
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Lysosomes

membranous sacs of enzymes that break unwanted macromolecules down that are made by rough ER and then transferred to the Golgi apparatus for further processing

<p><span>membranous sacs of enzymes that break unwanted macromolecules down that are made by rough ER and then transferred to the Golgi apparatus for further processing</span></p>
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Vacuoles

large vesicles derived by the ER and Golgi to perform a large variety of tasks in different cells; central vacuole is only found in plants

<p><span>large vesicles derived by the ER and Golgi to perform a large variety of tasks in different cells; central vacuole is only found in plants</span></p>
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Mitochondria

sites of cellular respiration and the metabolic process that uses O2 to generate ATP

  1. mitochondria matrix - ridges inside the mitochondria where cellular respiration takes place

<p>sites of cellular respiration and the metabolic process that uses O2 to generate ATP</p><ol><li><p>mitochondria matrix - ridges inside the mitochondria where cellular respiration takes place</p></li></ol><p></p>
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chloroplasts

found in plants and algae, sites of photosynthesis that contain the green pigment chlorophyll

<p><span>found in plants and algae, sites of photosynthesis that contain the green pigment chlorophyll</span></p>
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Cytoskeleton

supports cell shape and interacts with motor proteins to produce cell motility

<p>supports cell shape and interacts with motor proteins to produce cell motility</p>
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