Factors which Affect the Rates of Chemical Reactions - 4.6.1.2

what does the rate of a reaction depend on

collision frequency, energy of collisions, activation energy of the reaction

what factors affect the rate of chemical reactions

temperature, surface area of solid reactants, concentration of reactants in the solution,

what is the effect of temperature in the rate of reaction

as temperature increases so does the rate of reaction.reactant particles have more energy and move faster, so there is a higher frequency of collisions and so an increased the rate of reaction

what is the effect of surface area in the rate of reaction

as the surface area of a solid reactant increases so does the rate of reaction. the reactant particles are more exposed at the surface to collide with other reactants, so there is a higher frequency of collisions and so an increased rate of reaction. powdered solids react faster than small pieces of solid which react faster than large pieces of solids.

what is the effect of concentration of reactants in the rate of reaction

as the concentration of reactants in a solution increases so does the rate of reaction. reactant particles are closer together, so there is a higher frequency of collisions and so an increased rate of reaction. increasing pressure of reacting gases also increases the rate of reaction for the same reason.

how do catalysts affect the rate of reaction

catalysts increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy, so there is an increased proportion of particles with energy to react