Unit 4 mini exam AP human geo
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27 Terms
Territorial waters
12 nautical miles where a state enforces its sovereignty.
Contiguous zone
24 nautical miles where a state can enforce customs and immigration.
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
200 nautical miles where a country can exploit marine resources.
Spratly Islands
Disputed islands in the South China Sea claimed by multiple countries.
Median-line Principle
A method for dividing maritime zones based on equidistant lines between states.
Gerrymandering
The practice of redrawing electoral district boundaries for political advantage.
Centripetal Forces
Elements that unify a diverse population, like India’s Bollywood and cricket.
Centrifugal Forces
Divisions that lead to fragmentation, such as ethnic conflicts in Yugoslavia.
Berlin Conference
An event that divided Africa into colonies, causing lasting impacts.
Neocolonialism
Economic influence exerted by former colonial powers on their former colonies.
Antecedent Boundary
A boundary established before significant settlement occurs.
Subsequent Boundary
A boundary that evolves with cultural and political changes.
Consequent Boundary
A boundary drawn based on existing cultural divisions.
Physical (Natural) Boundary
A boundary defined by natural features, like the Himalayas.
Geometric Boundary
A boundary defined by straight lines, such as the 38th parallel.
Relic/Relict Boundary
A historical boundary that no longer functions but remains significant.
Superimposed Boundary
A boundary imposed without regard to existing cultural patterns.
United Nations (UN)
An organization promoting global peace and humanitarian efforts.
European Union (EU)
A political and economic union facilitating free trade among member states.
NATO
A military alliance providing collective defense for its members.
ASEAN
An organization promoting economic growth in Southeast Asia.
Federal Governance
A system where states have autonomy to create their own laws.
Unitary Governance
A centralized government system that enforces laws nationwide.
Local Scale of Analysis
Examining phenomena at a community or neighborhood level.
Regional Scale of Analysis
Analyzing issues across a specific geographic region.
National Scale of Analysis
Looking at data or phenomena at the country level.
Global Scale of Analysis
Understanding issues that affect the world, such as climate change.