87. Physiological bases of physical education. Medical control on physical education.

Physiological Bases of Physical Education - Importance

• Physical education is a preventive measure against hypodynamia (physical inactivity)

  • which is common among schoolchildren today.

• It supports

  • healthy development

  • improves immunity

  • enhances physical and mental well-being.

Role of Physical Conditioning

Aims to:

• Correct thermoregulation

• Improve general health

• Strengthen immune defense

Medical control of physical education- definition

Checking that physical activity is safe and suitable for every child, depending on their health.

Basic Principles of Physical Conditioning

1. Gradualness

   • Progressive increase in intensity and exposure.

2. Influence of different conditioning factors

   • Use of various external stimuli (temperature, light, etc.).

3. Variety

   • Includes heat, cold, sunlight, etc.

4. Individual approach- Tailored based on:

   • Age

   • Gender

   • Health status

Medical control on physical education- key components

1. Assessment of:

   • Physical growth and development

   • Overall health status of children

   • height, weight and BMI

   • nutritional status

2. Monitoring active children :

   • Children actively participating in sports

   • closer monitoring

   • prevent injuries, overtraining or identify medical issues such as asthma.

3. Medical & Pedagogical Supervision:

   • During physical education (PE) lessons

   • Medical staff work with teachers

   • Children with temporary illnesses may need adjustments

4. Hygiene Control:

   • Sports facilities are clean, safe and properly maintained

   • prevent infections, injuries or allergic reactions

5. Consultation & Health Education:

   • Promoting healthy behaviour and awareness among students

   • Injury prevention, healthy lifestyle habits

   • personal hygiene

Grouping of Children for PE

• Basic group

  • healthy children

  • normal physical development

  • can participate fully

  • no limitations

• Preparatory group

  • poorly trained children with functional deviations of the CV system or resp system

  • those with chronic bronchitis, asthma

  • recovering from illness

• Special group

  • serious or chronic medical conditions

  • e.g. severe heart disease, recent major surgery or rheumatic fever

  • excluded from PE

  • Rehab under medical guidance instead

Why Is Medical Control Important?

• Ensures safe participation in physical activities.

• Helps prevent injuries and overexertion.

• Promotes long-term healthy habits.

• Encourages early identification of health problems.

• Supports inclusive education

  • allowing children with chronic conditions to participate safely in a modified form.