MICROPARA M EUKARYOTES(FUNGI)

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Flashcards about Microparasites, Eukaryotes, and Fungi

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54 Terms

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Macroscopic fungi

Fungi visible to the naked eye, including mushrooms, puffballs, and gill fungi.

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Microscopic fungi

Fungi only visible with magnification, including molds and yeasts.

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Yeast cell

Round to oval shape and use asexual reproduction called budding

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Hyphae

Long, threadlike cells found in filamentous fungi or molds

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pseudohyphae

A chain of yeast cells.

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Dimorphic Fungi

Fungi that can exist in either yeast or mold form, depending on growth conditions.

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Heterotrophic

Acquire nutrients from a wide variety of substances and utilize fungi.

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Saprophytes/Saprobes

Organisms that obtain substrates from dead plants and animals.

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Mycelium

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body or colony of a mold; appears cotton-like.

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Septa

Cross walls that divide hyphae into segments.

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Spores

Fungal reproductive bodies; often powdery in appearance.

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Sporangiospores

Spores formed by successive cleavages within a sporangium.

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Conidiospores (Conidia)

Free spores not enclosed by a spore-bearing sac.

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Sexual spores (purpose)

The primary purpose is to introduce genetic variation.

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Mucormycosis

A serious but rare fungal infection caused by a group of molds.

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Histoplasmosis

Fungal infection causing symptoms that affect the lungs and respiratory tract.

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Coccidioidomycosis (valley fever)

A fungal infection caused by a fungus that lives in dust and soil, particularly in the southwestern United States.

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Candidiasis

A yeast infection caused by a yeast that is normal biota on human mucosal surfaces.

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Protists

Any eukaryotic unicellular or colonial organism that lacks true tissues

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Free-living species

Scavenge dead plant and animal debris.

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Parasitic species

Live on the fluids of the host, such as plasma and digestive juices.

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Pseudopods

Amoeboid motion, also known as sliding motion, involves false feet that serve as feeding structures

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Flagella

Vary in number from one to several, with a whipping motion

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Cilia

Distributed over the entire surface of the cell in characteristic patterns, ciliary motion

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Protozoa life cycle step 1

Trophozoite, active, feeding stage

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Protozoa life cycle step 2

Cell rounds up, loses motility

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Protozoa life cycle step 3

Cyst wall breaks open

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Protozoa life cycle step 4

Trophozoite is reactivated

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Protozoa life cycle step 5

Mature cyst, dormant, resting stage

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Mitosis

Protozoans reproduce via simple asexual methods, usually by what method?

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Conjugation

The form of genetic exchange between two cells?

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Parasitology

Study of protozoa and helminths

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Parasite

Term used to denote protozoan and helminth pathogens

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Trematodes

Flukes

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Cestodes

tapeworms

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definitive host

the host in which adulthood and mating occur

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Intermediate host

Host in which larval development occurs

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definitive host

Humans are the

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Helminth

Multicellular(adults). Unicellular(ova,larva)

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CELL WALL: Protozoa

None

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CELL WALL: Fungi

Chitin or cellulose

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CELL WALL: Algae

cellulose

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CELL WALL: Helminth

None

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CELL WALL: Human

None

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NUTRITIONAL TYPE: Fungi

Heterotrophic

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NUTRITIONAL TYPE: Algae

Autotrophic

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MOTILITY: Fungi

Flagella (Gametes)

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IMPORTANT STRUCTURE FOR IDENTIFICATION: Algae

chloroplast

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IMPORTANT STRUCTURE FOR IDENTIFICATION: Fungi

Hpyhae/spores

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Endosymbiotic

Cells that became trapped in larger cells

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Lysosomes

are vesicles that contain digestive enzymes

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Sporangiospores

Asexual spores contained in a sac-like head

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Algae

Produces about 70% of the earth’s oxygen

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