general medicine

Polyuria is:

a) Excessive urination at night

b) Involuntary loss of urine

c) Painful or difficult voiding

d) Increased volume of urine voided

d) Increased volume of urine voided

Oliguria is:

a)Urine output less than 500 mL/day

B)Red blood cells in the urine

C)Urine output less than 50 mL/day

D)Abnormal amounts of protein in the urine

a)Urine output less than 500 mL/day

The major manifestation of nephrotic syndrome is:

a) Edema

b) Pain

c) hematuria

d) jaundice

a) Edema

Which of them is correct about comprehensive assessment?

a)Assesses symptoms restricted to a specific body system

b)Addresses focused concerns or symptoms

C)Is appropriate for established patients, especially during routine or urgent care visits

d) Strengthens the clinician-patient relationship

d) Strengthens the clinician-patient relationship

Which of the following can be chief complains? patient describing:

a) Loss of appetite

b) Severe pain in stomach

c) Loss of weight

d) Sleep disturbance

b) Severe pain in stomach

Which of them is not correct? abdominal palpation help us to assess:

a) liver and spleen

b) palpate the aorta and its pulsations

c) feel the kidneys

d) abdominal bleeding

d) abdominal bleeding

Which of them is not clinical manifestation of peptic ulcer?

a) burning sensation in the midepigastrium

b) malabsorbtion

c) pyrosis (heartburn)

d) diarrhea and bleeding

b) malabsorbtion

There is an inverse relationship between:

a)HDL levels and risk of CAD

b)Triglycerides levels and risk of CAD

C) LDL levels and risk of CAD

d)all of them are correct

a)HDL levels and risk of CAD

Which of them is not modifiable risk factors?

a) Hyperlipidemia

b) Hypertension

c) Cigarette smoking

d) Diabetes mellitus

e) Family history of CAD

e) Family history of CAD

Which of them is modifiable risk factors?

a) Increasing age

b) Race

c) Gender

d) Obesity

d) Obesity

Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct

Mumps-viral infection of the tonsils

A peptic ulcer is an excavation (hollowed-out area) that forms in the mucosal wall of the:

a) stomach and duodenum

b) stomach and cecum

c) duodenum and ileum

d) all of them

a) stomach and duodenum

Which is the most important in treatment of lupus erythematosus?

a) Corticosteroids

b) NSAIDs

c) Antibiotics

d) Diuretics.

a) Corticosteroids

Which of the following is subjective data?

a) Patient is male, 75 kg

b) He is describing tingling pain in chest

c) He is pale

d) none of them

b) He is describing tingling pain in chest

Which of the following is objective data?

a)Patient is the overweigh black female

b)Patients describe numbness in the lower limbs

c)Before epilepsy attack she is describing strange sound

d) All of them

a)Patient is the overweigh black female

Patient's weight is 125 kg. He is 178cm (height). Calculate BMI and choose in which category is he.

a) Normal

b) Overweight

c) Obesity

d) Extremely obesity

c) Obesity

Which of them is not anthropometric parameters?

a) Height (length)

b) BMI

c) Skin-fold thickness

d) 37.0 CO

e) Waist circumference

d) 37.0 CO

Patient is 44 years old white female. Blood pressure is 145/95mmHg, which is ______.

a) Normal

b) Stage 1 Hypertension

c) Prehypertension

d) Stage 2 Hypertension

b) Stage 1 Hypertension

Which Statement is not correct about temperature?

a) In the early morning hours, it may fall as low as 35.8°C.

b) In the late afternoon or evening, it may rise as high as 37.3°C.

c) Axillary temperatures are higher than oral temperatures by approximately 1°.

d)The average oral temperature, usually quoted at 37°C.

c) Axillary temperatures are higher than oral temperatures by approximately 1°.

The gastrointestinal tract can be thought of as a long tube. Identify the organ that is NOT part of the gastrointestinal tract

Pancreas

Which of them is correct about focused assessment?

a) Helps identify or rule out physical causes related to patient concerns

b) Provides baselines for future assessments

c) Creates platform for health promotion through education and counseling

d) Is appropriate for established patients, especially during routine or urgent care visits

d)Is appropriate for established patients, especially during routine or urgent care visits

Which is not correct about blood pressure measurement rules?

a) In ideal situations, instruct the patient to avoid smoking or drinking caffeinatedbeverages for 30 minutes before the blood pressure is measured.

b) Ask the patient to sit quietly for at least 5 minutes in a chair with feet on the floor, rather than on the examining table.

c)Position the arm so that the brachial artery, at the antecubital crease, is at head level.

d) Palpate the brachial artery to confirm that it has a viable pulse.

c)Position the arm so that the brachial artery, at the antecubital crease, is at head level.

_______ pain is linked to tissue (somatic) damage to the skin, musculoskeletal system, or viscera but the sensory nervous system is intact, as in arthritis or spinal stenosis

a) Neuropathic pain

b) Central sensitization

c) Nociceptive

d) Idiopathic pain

c) Nociceptive

____ is a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Over time, it may become independent of the inciting injury, becoming burning, lancinating or shock-like in quality, It may persist even after healing from the initial injury has occured.

a) Neuropathic pain

b) Idiopathic pain

c) Nociceptive

d) Neuropathic pain

a) Neuropathic pain

On ECG R wave shows spreading of electrical impulse through the _____.

Ventricles

Which is correct about

a) The inhalation of cigarette smoke increases the blood carbon monoxide level.

b)The nicotinic acid in tobacco triggers the release of catecholamines.

c) Use of tobacco adversely affects the vascular endothelium, resulting in thrombus formation.

d)All of them are correct

d) All of them are correct

Gastritis and gastric ulcers are caused primarily by __

a) Helicobacter infection.

b) high sugar diet & spicy foods.

c) Staphylococcus infection.

d) psychological stress.

a) Helicobacter infection.

An enlarged , bulging vein in the esophagus can rupture at any time resulting in massive bleeding. What's the medical term for bulging esophageal veins?

Esophageal varices

Which of these listed is the medical term for vomiting of blood?

a) hematuria

b) hematemesis

c) hemoptysis

d) hematochezia

b) hematemesis

In terms of location, gastrointestinal bleeding is generally classified as which of the following

Upper and lower

What is pneumothorax?

The presence of air or gas in the cavity between the lungs and the chest wall, causing collapse of the lung

A patient reports during a routine check-up that he is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath while performing activities. He states the pain goes away when he rests. This is known as:

a) Unstable angina

b) Variant angina

c) Stable angina

d) Prinzmetal

c) Stable angina

Which of the following patients does not have a risk factor for hypertension?

a) A 25 year old male with a BMI of 35.

b)A 35 year old female with a total cholesterol level of 100.

c) A 68 year old male who reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day.

d) A 40 year old female with a family history of hypertension and diabetes

b)A 35 year old female with a total cholesterol level of 100.

Which wave on the ECG represents ventricular repolarization?

a) P wave

b) QRS complex

c) T wave

c) T wave

During the physical examination of lower extremities, which body system we do not examine?

a) Peripheral Vascular System

b) Nervous System

c) Musculoskeletal System

d) Urinary system

d) Urinary system

Which of them is not symptom of rheumatoid arthritis?

a) Deformities of the hands and feet

b) Neuropathy, scleritis, pericarditis

c) Joint pain, swelling, warmth;

d) Hyperpigmentation of the skin

d) Hyperpigmentation of the skin

Which is not correct about lupus erythematosus?

a)It occurs 10 times more frequently in men than in women;

b)common symptom is butterfly-shaped rash across the bridge of the nose and cheeks;

c) Pericarditis is the most common cardiac manifestation;

d)Joint swelling, tenderness, and pain on movement are also common.

a)It occurs 10 times more frequently in men than in women

__ is pain without an identifiable etiology.

a) Neuropathic pain

b) Idiopathic pain

c) Nociceptive

d) Neuropathic pain

b) Idiopathic pain

Nocturia is:

a) Strong desire to void

b) difficulty in initiating voiding

c) Excessive urination at night

d) Involuntary loss of urine

c) Excessive urination at night

Pancytopenia is a medical condition in which there is a reduction in the number of:

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

Maximal breath and exhale fully through a spirometer

a) Vital capacity

b) inspiratory force

c) Minute ventilation

d) All of them

a) Vital capacity

Empyema is

a) an accumulation of thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space

b)an accumulation of air within the pleural space

c)an accumulation of limph within the pleural space

d)all of them are correct

a) an accumulation of thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space

What techniques are used during a physical assessment?

a) Auscultation

b) Percussion

c) Palpation

d) All of them

d) All of them

Which of them can be component of past illness?

a) Chickenpox

b) Scar on the right inguinal region (appendectomy)

c) B hepatitis immunization

d) All of them

d) All of them

Patient is the 56 white man. Which of them can be component of present illness?

a) Use of medication

b) Whooping cough (5 years old)

c) Polio vaccination

d) All of them

a) Use of medication

Which of them is not component of the personal and social history?

a) religious affiliation and spiritual beliefs

b) educational level

c) family of origin

d) father died at 44 by car accident

d) father died at 44 by car accident

Patient is 75 years old Black female. Blood pressure is 184/95 mmHg, which is __

a) Normal

b) Stage 1 Hypertension

c) Prehypertension

d) Stage 2 Hypertension

d) Stage 2 Hypertension

Reflux is an alternative term for __

a) vomiting

b) regurgitation

c) acid erosion

d) salivating

b) regurgitation

Which of them is isolated systolic hypertension?

a) 139/85mmHg

b) 145/75mmHg

c) 165/105mmHg

d) none of them

b) 145/75mmHg

Which of them is not component of the personal and social history?

a) Home situation

b) polio vaccination (2 years old)

c) interests and lifestyle

d) religious affiliation and spiritual beliefs

b) polio vaccination (2 years old)

Absent or ineffective peristalsis of the distal esophagus is ___

a) Reflux esophagitis

b) Barrett's esophagitis

c) Achalasia

d) Esophagitis

a) Reflux esophagitis

Which of them is the best diagnostic procedure in peptic ulcer disease?

a) X ray image

b) stool antigen test

c) Endoscopy with biopsy

d) urea breath test

c) Endoscopy with biopsy

Which of them is not used therapy for peptic ulcers?

a) combination of antibiotics

b) bismuth salts

c) proton pump inhibitors

d) all of them are correct

d) all of them are correct

Which of them is not anthropometric parameters?

a) Height (length)

b) BMI

c) Skin-fold thickness

d) 120/82 mmHg

e) Waist circumference 3.168

d) 120/82 mmHg

On ECG P wave shows spreading of electrical impulse through the

atriums

Aphonia is _

Complete loss of voice

During allergy in blood analysis there is increased number of:

a) Erythrocytes

b) Platelets

c) Eosinophils

d) lymphocytes

c) Eosinophils

Which of them is not in the common blood studies for rheumatic disease?

a) Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR);

b) Antinuclear Antibody (ANA);

c) C-Reactive Protein Test (CRP)

d) all answers are correct.

d) all answers are correct.

Which of the following conditions is NOT a cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding?

Esophageal varices

Which dietary factors are associated with lower risk of hypertension

Decreased sodium intake and increased potassium intake

Which patient below is NOT at risk for developing chronic kidney disease?

a)A 58 year old female with uncontrolled hypertension

b)A 69 year old male with diabetes mellitus

c)A 45 year old female with polycystic ovarian disease

d)A 78 year old female with an intrarenal injury

c)A 45 year old female with polycystic ovarian disease

The skin and the subcutaneous tissues become increasingly hard and rigid and cannot be

pinched up from the underlying structures. It is the symptom of:

Scleroderma