Lab Values

What is the normal sodium (Na⁺) range?

135–145 mEq/L

What is the normal potassium (K⁺) range?

3.5–5.0 mEq/L

What is the oral drug class that commonly causes hyponatremia in older adults?

SSRIs (e.g., sertraline)

What is the normal creatinine (SCr) range?

0.6–1.2 mg/dL

Which formula is used for renal dose adjustment in older adults?

Cockcroft-Gault equation (CrCl)

What are normal AST and ALT values?

AST: 10–40 IU/L, ALT: 7–56 IU/L

What is a high ALP level associated with?

Cholestasis or bone disease

What is the normal albumin range?

3.5–5.0 g/dL

What BNP level is likely consistent with heart failure?

400 pg/mL

What is a normal troponin level?

<0.01–0.04 ng/mL (lab-dependent)

What is a normal hemoglobin range?

M: 13.5–17.5 g/dL, F: 12.0–16.0 g/dL

What platelet count increases bleeding risk?

<100,000 /mm³

What is the diagnostic fasting glucose threshold for diabetes?

≥126 mg/dL

What is the target A1c for older adults?

<7.5% (individualized)

What is a desirable LDL level in high-risk patients?

<70 mg/dL

What is a normal TSH range?

0.4–4.5 mIU/L

What is the goal INR for most warfarin-treated patients?

2.0–3.0

What digoxin level is considered safe in older adults?

0.5–0.9 ng/mL

What vancomycin trough is targeted for serious infections?

15–20 mcg/mL