Sleep Apnea

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Last updated 7:29 AM on 6/6/26
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9 Terms

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Definition

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Etiology

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Pathophysiology

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Clinical features

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Diagnosis

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Differential diagnosis

  • Central Sleep Apnea: A sleep-related breathing disorder in which the drive to breathe periodically decreases or ceases due to impaired function of the respiratory center (e.g HF/Stroke)

    • Caused either by hyperventilation (nonhypercapnic CSA) or hypoventilation (hypercapnic CSA)

  • Sleep-related hypoventilation due to medication e.g opioids

  • Sleep-related hypoventilation due to a medical condition e.g COPD

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Treatment

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Complications

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Prognosis

  • The mortality rate is higher in patients with severe OSA who do not receive adequate treatment.

  • CPAP ventilation can significantly lower the risk of mortality in OSA.