Support and Motion Unit-Concept 1: The Skeletal System Study Guide-Vocab Section

vocab section of concept 1 study guide by Anthony Hernandez

Hematopoiesis

blood cell formation

cartilage

a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones. it acts as a shock absorber throughout the body.

ligament 

connect bone to bone 

tendon 

connects muscle to bone 

joint (articulation)

a point where two or more bones meet

intervertebral disc

act as cushioning pads to absorb shock and protect against tension or torsion. 

sutures

interlocking joints in the skull. connects all bones.

sesamoid bones

shaped like a sesame seed and are embedded within tendons. Ex: Knee cap

Osteon 

the basic structural unit of the bones. They are long cylinders that act as tiny weight pillars in the bone. 

Lamellae

filled with tiny salts (calcium and phosphates) and collagen fibers that allow the bone to resist torsion stress.

Central Canal

goes through each osteon and it contains small blood vessels for nourishment and nerve fibers for signaling

trabeculae 

tiny bone struts that are essential for helping the bone resist stress. This is where bone marrow is located

lacunae 

gaps between the lamellae. they monitor, maintain quality and order the osteoblasts and osteoclasts in response to stimuli (ex: stress or strains) 

Osteocyte

release chemical signals to the osteoclasts to go to the damage

osteoblast

come in and build new bone before the bone undergoes apoptosis. begins forming spongey bone and replacing the cartilaginous callus.

osteoclasts

release enzymes to the bone that allow them to digest the calcium phosphate, putting the phosphate and calcium back into the blood (In other words reabsorption)

Ossification

the process of bone tissue formation. key for forming your skeleton as an embryo. essential for bone growth from childhood up to early adulthood. later in life it is used for bone remodeling and repair.

fracture

broken bone