Ionic Equations & Precipitates

Flashcards covering key concepts related to ionic equations, precipitates, and solubility rules.

Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in water to form an aqueous solution.

Precipitate

A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture during a chemical reaction.

Ionic Equation

An equation that shows all of the ionic species in a reaction, keeping solids intact.

Net Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the ions that participate in the reaction, excluding spectator ions.

Spectator Ions

Ions that do not change during a chemical reaction and appear on both sides of the equation.

Double-Replacement Reaction

A type of reaction where two compounds exchange ions or bonds to form different compounds.

Solubility Rules

Guidelines used to predict whether an ionic compound will dissolve in water.

Total Ionic Equations

Equations that represent all the soluble ionic substances in their dissociated form.

Molecular Equation

An equation that lists all reactants and products in their molecular form.

Insoluble Compound

A compound that does not dissolve in water.

Soluble Compound

A compound that dissolves in water to form an aqueous solution.

Aqueous Solution

A solution in which the solvent is water.

Balanced Chemical Equation

An equation that shows the same number of each type of atom on both sides.

Exceptions in Solubility

Specific conditions under which generally soluble or insoluble compounds can behave differently.

Phosphate (PO4 3-)

An ion that is generally insoluble unless paired with group 1 ions and NH4+.

Sulfate (SO4 2-)

An ion that is often soluble but has exceptions with certain cations like Ca2+ and Ba2+.