Topography of organs of pelvic cavity

What bones make up the pelvis?

1. ilium

2. ischium

3. pubis

4. sacrum

5. coccygeal or caudal vertebrae

What ligaments are present in the pelvis?

sacrotuberous lig. (NOT in the cat)

sacrosciatic lig. (ONLY in large animals)

What muscles are present in the pelvis?

gluteal muscles

the sacrosciatic ligament has holes in it for the passing of __________________

nerves and muscles

What is the transverse diameter of the pelvis?

the width

What is the vertical diameter of the pelvis?

cranial part of pubis to sacrum

What is the conjugate diameter of the pelvis?

from promontory to pubis (cranial)

what is the terminal line of the pelvis?

a circular line the passes along the promontory of the sacrum dorsally, the wings of the ilia laterally and ends in the pecten of the pubis ventrally

what is the pelvic diaphragm?

group of muscles most caudal in the pelvic cavity

what is the anal region?

What is the urogenital region?

what are the muscles of importance in the pelvic diaphragm?

coccygeus

levator ani

what structures lie dorsally in the pelvic cavity?

the digestive system

what structures lie in the middle of the pelvic cavity?

the reproductive system

female = uterus and vagina

male = ductus deferens and accessory organs

what structures lie ventrally in the pelvic cavity?

urinary system (bladder, urethra)

how does the structure of the colon vary in different species?

true/false- the prostate is located in the pelvic cavity

true

where is the ductus deferens?

the ductus deferens travels from the epididymis reaches dorsally and communicates with the urethra

what is the ampulla of the ductus deferens?

part of the ductus deferens before it communicates with the urethra

what accessory glands does the male dog have?

ampulla and prostate gland

The dog only has the prostate

What accessory glands does the male equine have?

1. vesicular gland

2. ampulla

3. prostate

4. bulbourethral gland

what accessory glands does the male cat have?

1. ampulla

2. body of the prostate

3. bulbourethral gland

what accessory glands does the bovine have?

1. ampulla

2. vesicular gland

3. body of the prostate (small compared to equine)

4. bulbourethral gland (small compared to equine)

what is the vesicogenital pouch?

a pelvic recess in females that's formed by a fold of peritoneum covering the bladder and uterus

What is the pararectal fossa?

formed by the peritoneal reflection on either side of the rectum

What is the rectogenital pouch?

between the rectum and the genitals

what is the pubovesical pouch?

between the bladder and the pubis

what is the main difference between the canine and bovine female anatomy?

In the canine, the uterine horns point dorsally. In bovine, the uterine horns go ventrally

In which direction do the uterine horns face in equine?

dorsally

where is the mesorectum?

The mesorectum is the perirectal fat that surrounds the rectum

What is the mesometrium?

it supports the uterus

what is the median ligament of the bladder?

Double fold of peritoneal membrane which connects the ventral surface of the urinary bladder with the parietal peritoneum covering the ventral body wall

what is the most ventral structure in the pelvic cavity?

the urinary bladder

why does the ureter enter the urinary bladder at an oblique angle?

it helps to close the ureter to stop it filling

what is the apex of the urinary bladder?

the most cranial part

what is the trigone?

Smooth triangular area outlined by the openings for the ureters and the urethra.

what vessels and nerves are present in the pelvic cavity?

1. internal iliac artery (11)

2. median sacral artery

3. hypogastric nerve (2)

4. pudendal nerve (23)

5. iliofemoral lymph node

6. iliac lymph node

7. sacral lymph node

When is rectal palpation used?

-mostly for female reproductive examination

-clinical examination of digestive system

-in small animals: prostate examination

-pelvic bone examination (if fracture in pelvic bone)

what kidney can you evaluate in rectal palpation?

the caudal part of the left kidney

true/false- you can evaluate the caudal dorsal part of the rumen with rectal palpation

TRUE