HEALTH CARE: Unit 1 test

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cervical has- many bones(of the neck)

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unit 1 of health care. FEB 12 MADE slides 1-70 80-83 everything to know for unit 1 test

122 Terms

1

cervical has- many bones(of the neck)

7

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2

theoretic has — many bones (of the chest)

12

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3

lumbar has - many bones (lower back)

5

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4

coccyx

4 or 5 fused vertebrae of the tailbone

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5

atlas

on top of axis

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6

axis

under atlas

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7

how many bones in the lungs

24 (12 pairs)

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8

Appendicular skeleton made up of

pectoral gridle

pelvic gridle

the upper limbs

the lower limbs

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9

the pectoral gridle has….

scapula and clavicle

allows for great mobility

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10

the upper limb has…

humeras, radius, ulna

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11

lower limb has…

femur and patella

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12

medial

inner

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lateral

outer

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14

5 functions of bones

  1. provides support and structure

  2. protect brain and organs

  3. helps muscle attach to bones

  4. reserves minerals and calcium

  5. produce and store blood cells

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15

five types of bones

  1. long

  2. short

  3. flat

  4. irregular

  5. sesamoid

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16

long bones are

Any bones that succeed the diameter

humerus, femur, phalanges, ulna, radius, fibula, tibia, metacarpals, metatarsals

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17

short bones are

good shock absorbers

carpals, tarsals, 

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18

flat bones are

scapula, clavicle, cranium, ribs, ilium, sternum

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19

irregular bones are

all vertebrae  (coccyx, sacrum),  face (zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal)

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20

sesamoid bones are

patella

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21

what are bones made up of

marrow

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22

red marrow

in all bones, produce most red blood cells

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23

yellow marrow

found in cavities along bones, made of mostly fat

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24

outer membrane of bone

periosteum

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25

inner membrane of bone (thinner)

endosteum

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26

what part of body is the axial

head and trunk

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27

what part of body is the appendicular

arms and legs

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28

Periosteum

fibrous layer, dense, has blood vessels, nerves, connects tendons

<p>fibrous layer, dense, has blood vessels, nerves, connects tendons </p>
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29
<p><span>Endosteum</span></p>

Endosteum

inner surface of compact bone, Covers trabeculae, Osteoblasts & osteoclasts

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30

what is the anterior skeleton

the front

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31

what is the posterior skeleton

the back

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32

how many bones does the human skull have?

22- 8 cranial and 14 facial

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33

what are the 8 cranial bones?

frontal (1), sphenoid (1), ethmoid (1), parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital (1)

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34

what is the frontal bone

forhead area

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35
<p>what is the highlighted area called?</p>

what is the highlighted area called?

frontal bone (1)

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36

what is the sphenoid?

sideburns area

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37
<p>what bone is this?</p>

what bone is this?

sphenoid (1)

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38

what is the ethmoid / lacrimal bone?

inner eye socket area

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39
<p>what bone is this?</p>

what bone is this?

ethmoid/ lacrimal

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40

what is the parietal bone?

back of head

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41
<p>what bone is this?</p>

what bone is this?

parietal bone-there is 2

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42

what is the temporal bone?

temples area

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43
<p>what bone is this?</p>

what bone is this?

temporal there is 2

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44

what is the occipital bone?

lower back of head

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45
<p>what bone is this?</p>

what bone is this?

occipital bone

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46

parts of the vertebral column

cervical (7) theoretic (12) lumbar (5)

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47

what is the appendicular skeleton made of?

1. The pectoral girdle (chest)

2. Pelvic girdle (hip)

3. The upper limbs  

4. The lower limbs 

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48

what is the Pectoral Girdle

scapula and clavicle, allows upper limb mobility

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49

functions of bones

Provide support and structure

Protect brain and organs

provides sites for the attachment of muscles

Provide a reservoir for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and sodium minerals.

Produce and store blood cells


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50

what is the Diaphysis

the shaft of long bones

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51

what is the Epiphysis

the end of long bones

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52

4 types of fractures

comminuted

compound

simple

greenstick

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53

what is a greenstick fracture?

hairline, bone only breaks on one side

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54

what is a compound fracture?

broken part of bone breaks through skin

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55

what is a simple fracture?

severe break underneath skin

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56

what is a comminuted fracture?

bone is crushed into several pieces

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57

what is a dislocation?

when bones of a joint are pulled out of alignment

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58

what is a sprain?

ligaments stretched or torn

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59

what is a ruptured vertebrae disk?

the disc bulging out and pushing on nerves or the spinal cord.

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60

what is Osteoporosis?

Spaces between the bone tissue becomes enlarged, weakening the bone.  This is due to a lack of calcium, aging

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61

what is Osteoarthritis?

condition involving loss of cartilage at joints.

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62

what does RICE stand for ?

rest

ice

compression

elevate

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63

what does SHARP stand for and what is it used for?

To identify a bone injury.

Swelling

Heat

Altered

Red

Painful

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64

what is a joint?

2 bones come together

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65

what are the 5 types of joints?

ball and socket

hinge

gliding

pivot

immovable

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66

whats a ligament?

tough, cord-like tissues that connect bone to bone. 

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67

what does superior mean?

above

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68

what does inferior mean?

below

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69

what does anterior mean?

infront

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70

what does posterior mean?

behind

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71

what does Proximal mean?

close to a specified region

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72

what does distal mean?

further from a specified region

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73
<p>what position is this?</p>

what position is this?

supine (laying on back)

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74
<p>what position is this?</p>

what position is this?

prone (laying on chest)

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75

what is the difference between deep and superficial?

deep is further from the outside of your body

superficial a on skin cut

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76

what are the 3 types of muscles?

skeletal

cardiac

smooth

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77
<p>what type of muscle tissue is this?</p>

what type of muscle tissue is this?

skeletal muscle tissue

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78
<p>what type of muscle tissue is this?</p>

what type of muscle tissue is this?

cardiac muscle tissue

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79
<p>what type of muscle tissue is this?</p>

what type of muscle tissue is this?

smooth muscle tissue

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80

what is the largest muscle of the body?

gluteus maximus

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81

what is the smallest muscle of the body?

stapedius in the ear

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82

what are some ways you can name muscles?

shape

size

location

actions

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83

why do we need muscles?

locomotion

posture

heat protection

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84
<p>what muscle is this? what part of the body?</p>

what muscle is this? what part of the body?

Sternocleidomastoids, neck muscle, anterior

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85
<p>what muscle is this? what part of the body?which side?</p>

what muscle is this? what part of the body?which side?

Trapezius, neck muscle, lateral posterior

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86

what is the Erector spinae muscles

posterior spine muscles

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87

what is apart of the pectoral girdle ANTERIOR?

Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor

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88

what is apart of the pectoral gridle POSTERIOR?

Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi,

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89
<p>What is this and name 1 2 3 </p>

What is this and name 1 2 3

Pectorial gridle anterior. 1. pectoralis minor. 2. pectoralis major. 3. Serratus

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90
<p>what is this? name the numbers</p>

what is this? name the numbers

pectorial gridle posterior. 1. Trapezius upper 2. Trapezius middle. 3. trapezius lower 4. Latissimus Dorsi

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91

where is the Biceps Brachii

upper bicep anterior side

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92

where is the Triceps Brachii

Proximally to humerus (medial and lateral head)

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93
<p>what is this an posterior view of</p>

what is this an posterior view of

extensions of the forearm

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94
<p>what is this a anterior view of </p>

what is this a anterior view of

forearm of the flexors

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95
<p>what muscle is this apart of and what is the muscle</p>

what muscle is this apart of and what is the muscle

Pelvic Girdle, lliopsoas

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96

what is the gluteus maximus

glutes/ butt/ extender of the hip

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97

what is the Sartorius?

longest muscle, wraps around your whole leg starts in thigh ends in calf

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98

whats in your quadriceps

  • rectus femoris

  • vastus lateralis

  • vastus intermedius

  • vastus medialis.

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99
<p>what is 2</p>

what is 2

rectus fermoris, anterior thigh

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<p>what is 3</p>

what is 3

vastus lateralis, lateral thigh

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