WORKING MEMORY MODEL — STUDIES

Baddeley and Hitch 1974 proposal of WMM

Baddeley and Hitch proposed the working memory model with a central executive phonological loop and visuo spatial sketchpad arguing that short term memory is an active multi component system rather than a single store

Baddeley 1975 word length effect

Participants recalled short words better than long words which supports the phonological loop having a capacity based on time rather than number of items

Baddeley et al 1975 articulatory suppression

When participants repeated an irrelevant sound the word length effect disappeared which shows the articulatory loop is necessary for verbal rehearsal in working memory

Baddeley and Hitch 1974 dual task study

Participants performed a visual task and a verbal task at the same time with little interference supporting separate slave systems in working memory

Baddeley and Hitch 1974 two verbal tasks study

Participants struggled when performing two verbal tasks simultaneously supporting the idea that the phonological loop has limited capacity

K F case study WMM evidence

K F had very poor verbal short term memory but relatively intact visual memory supporting the WMM distinction between verbal and visual storage systems