RA II Restorative Art Glossary

Absorption

The process of taking in light rays and reflecting others to give color.

Achromatic color

A neutral color not found in the visible spectrum, like white or black.

Additive method

Mixing colored lights together on a surface to create another color.

After-image

A psychological visual impression remaining after the stimulus has been removed.

Analogous

A color harmony featuring two or more hues with a common hue.

Chroma (Intensity)

The brightness or dullness of a color.

Chromatic color

A color of the visible spectrum that possesses a hue.

Color Rendering Index (CRI)

A measurement of light source quality compared to natural sunlight.

Complements

Hues directly opposite each other on the color wheel.

Cool hue

A receding color of short wavelengths, such as blue, green, or purple.

Intermediate hue

A color produced by mixing equal parts of a primary and adjacent secondary hue.

Juxtaposition

Simultaneous contrast; two adjacent hues modifying each other toward their complements.

Monochromatic

Color variations consisting of tints, tones, and shades of a single hue.

Pigment theory (Prang system)

The theory that all visible colors originate from three primary colors.

Primary hues (pigment)

Red, yellow, and blue; colors that cannot be created by mixing others.

Secondary hue

An equal mixture of two primary pigmentary hues, producing orange, green, or purple.

Shade

A hue darkened by mixing it with various quantities of black.

Subtractive method

Diminishing light wavelengths by superimposing color transparencies over a light source.

Tertiary hue

The mixture of two secondary pigmentary hues or unbalanced complements.

Tint

A hue lightened by mixing it with various quantities of white.

Tone

A hue dulled by mixing it with gray or its complement.

Value

The lightness or darkness of a color.

Warm hue

A color of long wavelengths that reflects warmth and appears closer.

Basic skin pigments

The four skin pigments: red, blue, yellow-orange, and brown.

Bilateral view

An inferior or superior viewpoint used to compare facial halves or features.

Carotene

The yellow pigment of the skin.

Melanin

The brown to black-brown pigment in the epidermis and hair.

Hemoglobin

The red protein pigment of the red blood corpuscles.

Color corrective

Concealer that neutralizes skin discoloration using opposing color wheel hues.

Corrective shaping

Using highlights to bring features forward and shadows to reduce their size.

Cosmetic compound

A cosmetic medium composed of two or more basic pigments.

Feather

To gradually reduce a cosmetic edge to an indistinguishable, tapered border.

Florid

A complexion flushed with red, less vivid than ruddy.

Ruddy

A healthy, reddish complexion color that is more vivid than florid.

Sallow

A sickly, yellowish color of the complexion.

Highlight

A surface reflecting maximum light because it lies perpendicular to the source.

Shadow

A surface reflecting little light because it is obscured or angled away.

Lip wax

A soft, tinted restorative wax used to surface mucous membranes.

Matte

A dull skin finish lacking sheen, typically created using loose powder.

Stipple brush

A stiff, rounded brush used to simulate skin pores on wax.

Texturizing brush

A fine-bristled brush used to blend cosmetics and clean out pore deposits.

Warm color areas

Naturally reddened skin areas where cosmetics restore a lifelike appearance of warmth.

Fluorescent light

Illumination produced by a tubular electric discharge lamp coating phosphors.

Incandescent light

Illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated element.

LED lighting

Energy-efficient, durable semiconductor lighting that converts electricity into light.

Funeral lighting

The quality and quantity of illumination used to present casketed remains.

Translucent

Transmitting light while diffusing it enough to prevent distinct images.

Transparent

Transmitting light clearly so that objects behind can be distinctly seen.

Feature builder

A substance injected hypodermically to elevate sunken or emaciated tissues.

Lanugo

The downy hair found on a fetus, children, or women.

Point of entry

The insertion point for a hypodermic needle or channeling instrument.

Abrasion

Injury caused by friction removing the epidermis, leaving a dry surface.

Acetone

A colorless liquid solvent used to remove scabs, stains, or wax.

Armature

A support framework, usually wood or pliable metal, for wax restorations.

Blanch

To whiten or make pale by removing color.

Bleaching agent

A chemical used to lighten skin discolorations via compress or injection.

Cauterizing agent

A chemical capable of drying tissues by searing them.

Collodion

A clear, syrup-like liquid sealer that dries to form a contractile film.

Desquamation (skin slip)

The separation of the epidermis from the dermis due to putrefaction.

Desiccation

Extreme dehydration that often leads to post-embalming skin discoloration.

Electric spatula

An electrically heated blade used to dry, reduce swelling, and restore contour.

Excise

To remove tissue by cutting it out.

First degree burn

A heat injury producing redness in the skin without blisters.

Second degree burn

A burn resulting in acute skin inflammation and blisters.

Third degree burn

A burn causing destruction of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues; seared or charred.

Fourth degree burn

A burn characterized by the total evacuation or absence of tissue.

Loop stitch

A loose, single suture used to anchor restorative materials.

Neoplasm

An abnormal, spontaneous new growth of tissue, such as a tumor.

Razor burn

A darkened, air-dried area caused by removing the epidermis while shaving.

Sealer

A quick-drying material that creates a moisture-resistant barrier.

Surgical reduction

Restoring normal tissue levels or position through surgical excision.

Undercut

An angled cut on excision borders so the surface overhangs deeper tissues.

Wire bridging

A wire structure or mesh used to connect and support bone fragments.