Differences in Presidential and Radical Reconstruction

Presidential Reconstruction

Lenient on the South, while Radical Reconstruction imposed stricter policies, including military control and civil rights protections.

Radical Reconstruction

Imposed stricter policies on the South, including military control and civil rights protections.

Andrew Johnson's actions towards Confederates

He pardoned most Confederates except wealthy planters, who had to apologize in person.

Black Codes

Laws that restricted the rights of freed slaves, including vagrancy laws and convict leasing.

Radical Reconstruction enforcement of civil rights

The South was divided into five military zones to ensure compliance with federal laws.

14th Amendment

Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born in the U.S.

Laws to impeach Johnson

Tenure of Office Act (restricted his ability to fire cabinet members) and Command of the Army Act (limited his control over the military).

Result of Johnson's impeachment trial

He was one vote short of removal from office.

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

A white supremacist group that terrorized freedmen and Republicans during Reconstruction.

Convict leasing

A system where freed Black men were arrested for minor crimes and forced into labor.

Compromise of 1877

Ended Reconstruction by removing federal troops from the South, allowing white Democrats to regain power.