Universe, Stars, EMS, Solar System, Moon, Tides, Seasons & Planets Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing key concepts about the universe, stars, EMS, solar system, moon, tides, seasons, and planets.

Electromagnetic Spectrum (EMS)

The entire range of electromagnetic radiation, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Frequency

The number of crests that pass a given point within one second.

Star Color and Temperature

Different colors of stars indicate different surface temperatures; red stars are cooler than orange stars.

Red Super Giants

Stars with the lowest temperature and highest luminosity.

HR Diagram Main Sequence

90% of stars are main sequence stars

Light Absorption and Reflection

Objects appear as a certain color because they absorb and reflect light.

Light Year

The distance light travels in one year.

Fusion

The combining of nuclei of lighter elements to form a heavier element.

Tides

The moon's gravity causes tides.

Earth's Tilted Axis

The direct result of Earth's tilted axis is seasons.

Planets Order

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

Mercury

Smallest planet in our Solar System with a high temperature range, and the closest planet to the Sun.

Gas Giants

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Outer Planets Common Feature

All 4 outer planets are made of gas and have rings.

Gas Giants Composition

Composed of Helium, Hydrogen, and Methane.

Jupiter's Moons

Europa, Ganymede, Calisto, and Io.

Mars' Phenomenon

Dust storms occur on Mars.

Astronomical Unit (AU)

The distance between the Earth and the Sun.

Gravity

Galaxies are arranged in groups that are bound together by gravity.

Galaxy Representation

Letter X represents a galaxy on the size of objects in the universe diagram.

Absolute Brightness of Star

Size and temperature determine the absolute brightness of a star.

Mass on Moon vs. Earth

The mass would be the same on the moon as it is on Earth, but the weight would be more on Earth than it is on the moon.