Influenza and TB High Yield Notes

Practice flashcards covering Influenza types, treatments, vaccine contraindications, and Tuberculosis (TB) medication side effects based on NCLEX high-yield lecture notes.

What are the two types of Influenza virus mentioned in the notes?

Influenza type A and type B.

What are the common signs and symptoms (Si/Sx) of Influenza?

Low grade fever, malaise, runny nose, and body aches.

What is the recommended supportive treatment (Tx) for Influenza?

Hydration (giving fluids), vitamins, Tylenol, and Ibuprofen.

What is the name of the antiviral medication for Influenza and its therapeutic window?

Tamiflu (Oseltamivir), and it should be given within a $48$-$72\,h$ window.

Who should receive the Influenza vaccine according to the guidelines?

Everyone after $6$ months of age, especially the immunocompromised.

What is the primary difference in the form of the Intranasal vs. Intramuscular (IM) Influenza vaccine?

The Intranasal vaccine is Live Attenuated (contains actual live virus), whereas the IM vaccine is Inactivated.

What are the eligibility requirements for the Intranasal (Live Attenuated) vaccine?

The patient must be healthy and between the ages of $2$ and $49$.

What are the contraindications (C/I) for the Intranasal Influenza vaccine?

Immunosuppressed individuals and their close contacts, patients with chronic Cardio, Pulm, Neuro, or Metabolic disease, transplant patients, pregnant women, and patients with HIV.

Why are close contacts of immunosuppressed individuals contraindicated from receiving the live (intranasal) vaccine?

They are able to spread the virus to the immunocompromised person whose immune system cannot recover from it.

Which TNF inhibitors are mentioned that increase the risk of infection and contraindicate live vaccines?

Infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept.

How do TNF inhibitors interact with Tuberculosis (TB) in the body?

TNF inhibitors can activate TB by breaking down the wall of the cyst where the TB is enclosed in the lungs, allowing it to replicate and spread.

What does an elevated WBC (White Blood Cell) count indicate?

Infection (INFXN).

What are common vaccine components that a nurse should screen for allergies?

Gelatin, eggs, and neomycin.

What drugs constitute the 'RIPE' treatment for Tuberculosis?

Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol.

What side effects are associated with Rifampin?

Red secretions (tears, urine, sweat) and potential liver issues.

Which vitamin should be supplemented when a patient is taking Isoniazid?

Vitamin B6.

What specific adverse effect should be monitored in patients taking Ethambutol?

Eye/visual disturbances, such as blurry vision or diplopia.