liberalism quiz

what is liberalism

ir theory that focuses on interaction and actors (state and nonstate)

1. international system is more than the search for power and security

2. emphasizes cooperation and mutual benefit

3. states are not the only actors involved

how does liberalism differ from realism

liberalsim: relies on more than just states (because of the rise of ngo igo), says cooperation can and does occur, views diplomacy as a tool for entities cooperating as complexly interdependent states, says interstate conflict is not necessary

realism: focus is on states, war is inevitable and necessary, zero sum game (someone wins, someone loses), views diplomacy as an instrument of adaptation to the changing distribution of power

what realism gaps does liberalism fill in

allows cooperation to exist

why is cooperation so important

cooperation and compromise define the international system, nothing can get done without it

what is neoliberalism

focuses more in independence and free trade

anarchy —> state is one of many actors —> state interdependence

institution

anything with a set of rules

types of conflict/outcomes

auth v auth = conflict

auth v dem = conflict

dem v dem = no conflict

democratic peace theory

peace is acheived through a consensus amongst democracies (democracies do not fight each other)w

according to the DPT, why dont democracies fight each other

will of the people (people do not want war with these people), democratic institutions encourage cooperation, democracies share values and beliefs (they are partners, not enemies), democracies may have economic interdependence on each other

what is the spectrum of cooperative interaction

←isolation——interventionism——multilateralism→

isolation

no intervention, supports international trade (chinas stated stance)

interventionism

intervening to address injustices (suddahm invaded kuwait, so the US stepped in)mu

multilateralism

cooperating with other states to find Soultions to international challenges (terrorism, inequality, global warming)

multilateral perspective

a state relies on coordinating foreign policy with allies, as well as being an active member in the international system, argues unilateral action is a source of conflict, instability, and tension

unilateralism

a state relies on its own resources rather than on international organizations or other states

liberalism train

anarchy → state is the most important actor → states can cooperate

lots of maybes

neoliberalism train

anarchy → states are one of many actors → state interdependence

replaces anarchy with interdependence, more absolute

hard power

economic and military powers

soft power

influence by example, winning hearts and minds, spread of culture)

kantian triangle

democracies, econmic interdependence, international law

where do realism and liberalism overlap

states are actors but not necessarily the only ones, a focus on interaction of some kind

what are the fundementals of liberalism

1. states are not the only actors

2. cooperation and mutual benefit can happen

3. the international system is more than just a search for power and security

what are the differences between neoliberalism and classical liberalism

classical liberalism has states as the most important actor and ends with states being able to cooperate, to coexist while neoliberalism does not have a most important actor and ends with state interdependence

what us logrolling and how is it used in bureaucratic bargaining

a concession made by party 1 to party 2 on a domestic issue in exchange for party 2’s support on foreign policy, it is used so a state can control foreign policy

how does public opinion affect foreign policy

using the democratic peace theory, the will of the people can be a determining factor in conflicts, so it makes sense what the people want would influence the policy passed (in a democracy)