Bioenergetics Pt 3

Fick Equation

VO2 = (Q) x C(A-V)(O2), where Q is cardiac output.

VO2

Volume of oxygen consumed by the body.

Q

Cardiac output, calculated as HR x SV.

HR

Heart rate, the number of heartbeats per minute.

SV

Stroke volume, the volume of blood pumped out of the heart per beat.

C(a-v)O2

The difference in oxygen content between the arteries and veins.

EDV

End diastolic volume, the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of filling.

ESV

End systolic volume, the volume of blood remaining in the ventricles after contraction.

Maximizing VO2

The main adaptation is increasing cardiac output.

Crossover Point

The exercise intensity at which carbohydrate metabolism predominates over fat metabolism.

Lipolysis

The breakdown of triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol.

Respiratory Quotient (R)

A measure indicating the predominant type of fuel being utilized during exercise.

Glycogen

Stored form of carbohydrates found in muscles and the liver.

Krebs Cycle

A series of reactions in cells for ATP production using acetyl-CoA.

Triglycerides

A type of fat stored in fat cells, used as energy during metabolism.

FFA (Free Fatty Acids)

Fatty acids released from the breakdown of triglycerides, used as fuel.

Epinephrine

A hormone that increases during exercise, enhancing glycogen breakdown.

Muscle Glycogen

Glycogen stored in muscles, used for energy during exercise.

Blood Glucose

Glucose in the blood, important for maintaining energy levels during exercise.

Fat Metabolism

The process of breaking down fat for energy, influenced by exercise intensity.

Carbohydrate Utilization

The reliance on carbohydrates as a fuel source during high-intensity exercise.