Meiosis and Genetic Diversity

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts associated with meiosis and its role in genetic diversity.

Cytokinesis

The stage at the end of cell division where two haploid daughter cells are formed.

Haploid

A cell with one chromosome from each homologous pair.

Meiosis II

The second division in meiosis that resembles mitosis and is not preceded by DNA replication.

Independent Assortment

The random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, specifically at Anaphase I.

Crossing Over

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I, contributing to genetic diversity.

Metaphase Plate

The equatorial plane where chromosomes line up during metaphase of cell division.

Nuclear Envelope

A membrane that encloses the nucleus, which may reform during cytokinesis in some species.

Genetic Diversity

The variation in genetic characteristics among individuals, which can be increased through meiosis.

Tetrad

A structure containing four chromatids formed during Prophase I, consisting of a homologous pair of chromosomes.

Haploid Number (n)

The number of distinct chromosomes in a haploid cell, which determines the potential combinations.