Revolutions & Enlightened Despots

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the Revolutions and Enlightened Despots.

Industrial Revolution

A period of transition from an agricultural and handicraft economy to one dominated by factory production and manufacturing by machines.

Guilds

Groups of skilled craftsmen or masters doing trade jobs, such as tailoring or shoemaking, that regulated prices and quality.

Agricultural Revolution

A period in Britain marked by innovations like crop rotation, enclosures, and improved farming equipment that increased agricultural production.

Urbanization

The process of people moving to cities to live and work, often driven by economic changes such as the Agricultural Revolution.

Free Enterprise System

An economic model allowing businesses to operate with minimal government intervention, driven by supply and demand.

Radicalization

The process of developing extreme political, social, or religious views, often in response to oppression.

Child Labor

The practice where children work, often in hazardous conditions, which significantly increased during the Industrial Revolution.

Napoleonic Code

A new legal framework established by Napoleon that abolished old privileges and ensured rights such as property and fair laws.

Enlightened Despots

European kings and queens who embraced Enlightenment ideals to improve the lives of their subjects while maintaining absolute control.

Haitian Revolution

A revolution led by Toussaint L’Ouverture aiming for freedom from French colonial rule, resulting in the establishment of Haiti as the first independent black-led republic.