Studied by 0 people
All of conflict and tension p2 summarised :D
When did Germany leave the LoN
1933
when Hitler came into power
What was the LoN set up from
The covenant of the League of Nations (first 26 clauses of the ToV)
Structure of LoN
42+ members
unanimous decisions
council of 4 permanent and 4 elected members (these weren’t the most powerful in the world)
secretariat (too small to handle the vast work of the league)
trade sanctions (which also damaged countries in the LoN)
safeguard peace (overambitious)
promised to seek disarmament (conferences for this in 1932 failed)
What were the aims of the LoN
to act as a world parliament
to maintain peace through collective security
to enforce ToV
to encourage international cooperation to improve economic and social conditions globally.
What were the strengths of the LoN
60 countries were a part of it, so it was influential and supported
condemnation (telling a country that they’re wrong)
could apply trade sanctions
arbitration (offering to decide a dispute)
What were the weaknesses of the LoN
set up by the ToV, which everyone hates
could be ignored by powerful nations
no army to enforce decisions
no usa, germany, or russia
Examples of LoNs failures in the 1920’s
Poland broke ToV by taking land from Russia and ignored LoNs order to stop
Their International labour organisation failed to convince countries to adopt a 48 hour week
65 countries signed kellogg-briand pact to end war, and then they just ignored it
Examples of successes of the LoN in the 1920’s
they attacked slave traders in Africa and Buma and freed 200,000 slaves
they freed 500,000 WWI prisoners of war
they shut down 4 big swiss companies which were selling drugs
Teschen
Vilna
Aaland Islands
Silesia
Memel
Corfu
Bulgaria
Washington treaty
Ruhr
Iraq
Manchurian crisis
1931
Japanese claimed there was an explosion on the railway that was sabotaged by the Chinese at Mukden
they took this as an excuse to invade and defeated the Chinese without gov permission
army became in charge of Japanese policy
china appealed to LoN
LoN condemned japan and recommended that Manchuria becomes a self governing state
Japanese ignores and leaves LoN with Manchuria under its control, and even took control of Jehol, another Chinese province
Why did LoN fail the Manchurian crisis
no one wanted to take part in sanctions because of depression, and it wouldn’t have worked anyway as USA is Japan’s biggest trading partner
No one wanted to risk their fleets against Japan (too far away)
Abyssinian crisis
1935
Mussolini (leader of Italy) invades Abyssinia
LoN condemns Italy
sanctions immediately placed, but were limited as GB and France didn’t want to lose their alliance with Italy against Hitler
Italy captures Abyssinia’s capital in 1936
Abyssinia appeals to LoN for help but war was over and Abyssinia had become apart of Italian empire
Italy leaves LoN and sanctions are later withdrawn
Effects of Abyssinian crisis failure
showed leagues inability to enforce anything (including sanctions)
LON lose power
Hitler takes advantage of crisis by remilitarising Rhineland whilst GB and France busy with Abyssinia
Why did the LoN fail; it…
Weak powers
America not a member
Structure was ineffective
Depression
Unsuccessful
Members often betrayed it
Big bullies: faced with aggressive military powers
Note 
Flashcard (135)