Session 1 - Questions from the Book

What line separates the enamel from the cementum of the tooth?

Cervical line or CEJ

How could a portion of the anatomic crown be a part of the clinical root?

If a newly erupted tooth has not fully emerged into the mouth.

How many roots are present in a trifurcated and in a bifurcated?

Trifurated = 3 roots, bicurated = 2 roots

Are maxillary teeth in the upper or lower jaw?

Upper jaw

Which tooth tissue composes the bulk of the tooth?

Dentin

Which tooth tissue is the hardest?

Enemal

Which tooth tissue is the softest?

Cementum

Which tooth tissues have their own nourishment system?

Dental pulp

Which tooth tissue is most like bone?

Cementum

What is the main nourishment system of the tooth?

Dental pulp

Name the different parts of the pulp cavity?

The pulp chamber and pulp canal.

Is the pulp horn a part of the pulp chamber or the pulp canal?

Pulp chamber

What does the pulp tissue comprise?

Cells, extracellular matrix, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels.

The longer the root is compared with a crown of a tooth, the more resistant it is to displacement. How does a longer root affect a tooth's resistance to displacement?

Provides a greater root surface area for periodontal ligament attachment and support.

What is the difference between the alveolus and the alveolar process?

- The alveolus is the socket in the alveolar bone that holds a tooth.

- Alveolar process is the portion of the jaw that supports the teeth.

Which is seen in the mouth first, the clinical or anatomic crown?

Clinical crown

What is the percentage of inorganic material in enamel? In dentin? In cementum?

Dentin = 96% inorganic

Cementum = 45-50% inorganic

Enamel is harder than dentin, and dentin is harder than cementum. How does this correlate to the percentages of inorganic vs organic materials present in these tissues?

The higher the percentage of inorganic material, the harder the tissue.

What are the basic functions of the teeth? What determines each tooth's functions?

Mastication, speech, and esthetics.

What are the longest teeth in human dentition? Why are they considered the longest? How do the maxillary and mandibular compare?

Canines. They have the longest roots. Maxillary canines are generally longer than mandibular canines.

Why is the term bicuspid inaccurate compared with premolar?

Because not every premolar has two cusps, some may have three.

What is the function of the molars, and how do the cusps perform this function?

To chew or grind food. The cusps break food into smaller pieces by chewing.

How many premolars and how many molars are there in a permanent dentition?

8 premolars and 12 molars

How many surfaces are on a posterior tooth? Name them.

5 surfaces: Buccal, lingual, distal, mesial, and occlusal.

Which proximal surface is farther away from the midline?

Distal

Which proximal surface is closest to the midline?

Mesial

If the anterior teeth do not have a 5th surface, what do they have that replaces the 5th surface?

Incisal edge

What is a line angle?

The junction of two tooth surfaces.

Name 6 line angles for the anterior teeth.

Labioincisal, mesiolingual, mesiolabial, linguoincisal, distolingual, and distolabial.

Name the 8 lines angles of the posterior teeth.

Mesio-occlusal, mesiolingual, mesiobuccal, bucco-occlusal, linguo-occlusal, distolingual, distobuccal, disto-occlusal.

What is a point angle?

Junction of three tooth surfaces.

The developmental grooves separate the lobes of a tooth. How many lobes does an anterior tooth have?

4 lobes

What separates the cingulum on an anterior tooth from the labial lobes?

Lingual developmental grooves.

What is the small elevation of enamel on some portion of the crown of the tooth?

Tubercle

What is the small pinpoint depression that occurs along a developmental groove?

Pit

Explain the difference between a tubercle and a cusp.

Tubercle is an abnormal part of the tooth's anatomy, a cusp is normal.

What are some examples of convex?

Ridge of mountain, cusp tip, marginal ridge.

What are some examples of concave?

Empty swimming pool, cave, valley between two hills, and lingual fossa of anterior tooth.

Explain the difference between a developmental groove and a pit.

Developmental groove is a depression that seperates the developmental lobes of a tooth and a pit is a small pinpoint depression found along a developmental groove.

Identify the unlabeled surfaces of the mandibular right first molar that are missing.

Distal and lingual surfaces.

How many lobes or growth centers does it take to form the tooth.

The maxillary anterior tooth is formed by four lobes: 3 facial and 1 lingual.

Identify the two triangular ridges

Lingual triangular ridge of the buccal cusp and buccak triangular ridge of the lingual cusp.

The developmental, elevated, rounded mound of the crown that forms a major division of the occlusal surface?

Cusp

A developmental elevated projection on the lingual surface of a newly interupted incisor is a ___.

Cingulum

If a maxillary central inscisor has an almost transparent incisal edge and a maxillary lateral incisor has a very white line converging its incisal edge, which is more mineralized at its incisal edge?

The central because the more mineralized the enamel is, the more translucent it appears.

What type of specialized cells form dentin?

Odontoblasts

Which type of cementum is part of the system that anchors the tooth to the bone?

Acellular cementum

Name the two types of cementum.

Cellular and acellular

What types of dentin form in response to deep tooth decay?

Tertiary dentin

T or F: The cervical third portion of the root is covered with enamel.

False. The root is covered with cementum.

T or F: Dentin is contained within both the crown and the root of a tooth.

True

Cementum does not have the ability to reproduce itself.

False

T or F: Pulp tissue contains odontoblasts.

True

T or F: An alveolus is a bony tooth socket

True

T or F: The mandibular alveolar process surrounds the mandibular teeth

True

T or F: The mesiobuccal angle is an example of an anterior line angle.

False. It's a posterior line angle.

T or F: The mesiodistal angle is an example of a line angle.

False. These surfaces do not meet at a junction.

T or F: The biting area of a posterior tooth is called the occlusal surface.

True

T or F? The labios-bucco-incisal angle is an example of a point angle.

False. There is no such term.

T or F: There are four anterior point angles.

True

T or F: A transverse ridge is two triangular ridges joined together.

True

T or F: All teeth have at least one cusp.

False. Cusps are not found on incisors.

T or F: Both anterior and posterior teeth have triangular ridges.

False. Anterior teeth do not have triangular ridges.

T or F: A cingulum is an elevation on the lingual surface of the anterior teeth.

True

Which tooth's function is cutting food?

Incisors

Which tooth's function is shoveling food into the mouth?

Incisors

Which tooth's function is holding food?

Canines

Which tooth's function is grinding food?

Premolars and molars

Which tooth's function is tearing food?

Canines

Which tooth's function is holding and crushing food?

Premolars

Which tooth's function is resisting lateral forces of displacement?

Canines

Distolabial

a) Anterior tooth line angle b) Anterior tooth point angle c) Posterior tooth line angle d) Posterior tooth point angle.

A. Anterior tooth line angle

Disto-occlusal

a) Anterior tooth line angle b) Anterior tooth point angle c) Posterior tooth line angle d) Posterior tooth point angle

C. Posterior tooth line angle

Disto-labio-incisal

a) Anterior tooth line angle b) Anterior tooth point angle c) Posterior tooth line angle d) Posterior tooth point angle

B. Anterior tooth point angle.

Disto-linguo-occlusal

a) Anterior tooth line angle b) Anterior tooth point angle c) Posterior tooth line angle d) Posterior tooth point angle

D. Posterior tooth point angle.

Enamel is thickest at the ___.

Incisal edge

If a molar has three roots it would have ___ pulp chambers.

One

The pulp contains all the following except:

Ameloblasts

___ is composed of 70% inorganic material.

Dentin

Which of the following is not a depression?

Oblique ridge

Which tooth is formed from more than four lobes?

Mandibular first molar

A small elevation of enamel that may be found on tooth surfaces is a __.

Tubercle

How many marginal ridges are on a tooth?

Two

Mr. Allen reported that he was bothered by a lateral incisor that hurt whenever he ate certain foods or beverages, particularly hot or cold ones. He said that his tooth could feel temperature changes that were different from regular pain. What sensation did Mr. Allen's pulp actually transmit?

Pain

Mr. Allen reported that he was bothered by a lateral incisor that hurt whenever he ate certain foods or beverages, particularly hot or cold ones. He said that his tooth could feel temperature changes that were different from regular pain. Mr. Allens lateralincisor had some root exposure as a result of ginival recession. The entire visible portion of his tooth is the ___.

Clinical crown

What normally fills the interproximal spaces between teeth? If this is missing, what is the void called?

Papillary gingiva or interdental papilla.

Name the embrasures and explain their function . Which embrasure is not always present and why?

Facial, lingual, incisal, occlusal, and gingival. They allow food to be deflected away from teeth and not forced into the contact area between teeth.

Which teeth have the greater curvature of the cementoenamel junction?

Anterior teeth.

What term is synonymous with the cementoenamel junction?

Cervical line and CEJ

Explain how the diet a person chooses affects gingival and tooth health.

A coarse diet such as fruits, uncooked vegetables, nuts, and whole grains are good for the teeth because they offer mechanical stimulation of the gingival tissues, massaging and using friction to clean gums and teeth.

What happens if a tooth is restored so that it is overcontoured?

Causes food and debris to be trapped between the restoration and gum tissue.

What happens if two adjacent teeth have open contact areas?

It allows food to pack between teeth, which can cause gingival tissues to be chronically inflamed and eventually result in bone destruction and perio disease.

What is the difference between a contact area and a contact point?

Contact point = where the occlusal cusp of one tooth hits the occlusal portion of a tooth in the opening arch.

Contact area = on the mesial or distal surface if a tooth where one tooth touches the tooth immediately next to it within the same arch.

The buccal height of contour of anterior teeth is the ______________ and of posterior teeth is the ______________. The lingual height of contour of anterior teeth is the ______________ and of posterior teeth is the ______________.

a. cervical third of the tooth

b. near middle of the tooth

A,A,A,B

While examining a patient, you notice an open contact between two mandibular premolars. What are your concerns?

That it will allow food to pack into the gums, possibly leading to gum disease, bone loss, tooth decay, and bite shifts.

T or F: Teeth that are well aligned with adequate self-cleansing characteristics will be resistant to dental caries.

False. While self cleansing characteristics help to prevent dental caries, good at oral hygiene and a healthy diet are important factors in maintaining dental health.

T or F: The lingual embrasure spaces are wider than the buccal embrasure spaces embrasure spaces.

True

T or F: The distal height of curvature of the cervical line is greater than the mesial height of curvature of ther cervical line.

False. The mesial curvature is greater.

T or F: Cementum is part of the periodontium.

True

T or F: The interdental space is the same as the interproximal space.

True