Omega-3, Probiotics, Dietary Fiber, and Food Processing

These flashcards cover key concepts related to omega fatty acids, probiotics, dietary fiber, and food processing techniques.

Omega-3 fatty acids

Polyunsaturated fatty acids with a double bond at the third carbon from the methyl end, important for health.

Omega-6 fatty acids

Polyunsaturated fatty acids with a double bond at the sixth carbon; more prevalent in the Western diet.

EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

A type of omega-3 fatty acid found in marine sources, known for cardiovascular benefits.

DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)

A type of omega-3 fatty acid critical for brain and eye function, primarily found in marine foods.

Probiotic

Live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed.

Prebiotic

Non-digestible dietary components that selectively feed beneficial gut bacteria.

Inulin-type fructans

Fructose-based fibers (like inulin) found in foods that serve as prebiotics.

SCFA (short-chain fatty acids)

Fatty acids produced through fermentation of dietary fiber in the gut, associated with health benefits.

Resistant starch

Starch that escapes digestion and is fermented into SCFAs, contributing to gut health.

Bifidogenic factor

A substance that selectively stimulates the growth of bifidobacteria.

Dysbiosis

An imbalance in gut microbiota that can contribute to metabolic disorders.

Antioxidant

Substance that reduces oxidative stress and can contribute to better health outcomes.

Microencapsulation

A process that protects sensitive ingredients from environmental factors like heat and oxygen.

Canning

A food preservation technique invented by Nicolas Appert that involves sealing food in jars and heating it.

Pasteurization

Heat treatment that kills pathogens and reduces spoilage organisms in food products.

Fiber

A plant-based component of food that aids digestion, lowers cholesterol, and improves satiety.

Dietary recommendation for fiber intake

25 grams per day for women and 38 grams per day for men.

Green tea benefits

Contains antioxidants and can improve heart health and metabolism.

Functional beverage

A drink that provides health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Hydrophobicity

The property of a substance to repel water, important in food packaging and preservation.