Quiz 3- cells

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The cell consists of what 3 major parts?

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27 Terms

1

The cell consists of what 3 major parts?

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, cell membrane (plasma membrane)

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2

What does it mean if a cell can choose what to regulate in and out of the cell to maintain integrity?

Selectively permeable

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3

The cell membrane consists of a bilayer of what?

Phospholipid molecules

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4

What are the parts of a phospholipid molecules?

Polar heads, fatty acid tails, lipid tails

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5

What molecules can move through the membrane easily?

O2, H2O, CO

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6

What type of proteins does are in the cell membrane?

Globs, Rods, Fibers

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7

Can water molecules pass through the membrane?

No- they need help from channel proteins

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8

What is the function of carbohydrates?

Cell recognition and adhesion

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9

What is the function of cholesterol?

Stabilize the membrane

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10

What is the difference between passive and active mechanisms?

Passive- does not require energy

Active- uses cellular energy

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11

What are the 4 types of passive mechanisms?

Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, filtration

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12

Diffusion

Molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until EQUILIBRIUM occurs.

Ex: Sugar or food dye

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13

Facilitated Diffusion

Another form of diffusion where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, but there is a selectively permeable membrane involved hindering the process.

Needs a helper protein

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14

Glucose needs what to travel?

A carrier protein

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15

Osmosis

Diffusion with water

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16

What are the three types of osmosis?

Isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic

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17

Isotonic

Same outside and inside

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18

Hypertonic

Higher osmosis pressure than body fluids

Cells shrink

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19

Hypotonic

Lower osmosis pressure

Cells would swell

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20

Filtrated Diffusion

Forces molecules thru membranes by hydrostatic pressure.

Used to separate solids from water

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21

Explain the difference between diffusion and osmosis.

Both concentrations move from high to low, but osmosis uses a selective membrane.

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22

Active Mechanism

Moves from low to high concentration region

Needs energy (atp)

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23

Active transport

Career proteins with ATP live molecules across membrane

“Pumps”

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24

Examples of pumps

Sugars, Amino Acids, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium.

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25

What are two other processes that use cellular energy without crossing cell?

Endocytosis and exocystosis

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26

Endocytosis

Pinocytosis- may take in water and the particles dissolved in it. (“cell drinking”)

PhagocytosiS- solids instead of liquids.(“cell eating”)

Receptor mediated endocytosis specific substances can enter

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27

Exocytosis

Vesicle fuses with the membrane to expel substances from the cell.

Ex. Secretion of certain hormones.

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