MAPAS POP111 Lectures 19-21 Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts from MAPAS POP111 lectures 19-21, including the built environment, deprivation measures, Polynesian Panthers, and Sustainable Development Goals.

Built Environment

All the buildings, spaces, and products that are created, or at least significantly modified by people.

Examples of Built Environment Structures

Homes, schools, workplaces, parks, business areas, roads, electric transmission lines, waste disposal, subway trains, motorways, and transportation networks.

Urban Density

Population and/or employment density within a built environment.

Land-Use Mix

The variety of residential, commercial, industrial, and wasteland areas within a built environment.

Street Connectivity

Refers to how well-connected streets are within a built environment, such as lollipop neighborhoods versus well-connected areas.

Community Resources

Access to recreational facilities or healthy foods within a built environment.

Deprivation

A state of observable and demonstrable disadvantage relative to the local community or the wider society or nation to which an individual, family, or group belongs.

IMD (Index of Multiple Deprivation)

A measure of the degree to which working-age people are excluded from employment.

Ecological Fallacy

The error that arises when information about groups of people is used to make inferences about individuals.

Healthy Environment

Physical, social, and political setting(s) that prevent disease while enhancing human health and well-being.

Street Connectivity (built environment)

Grid-like pattern that reduces distance between destinations, encouraging active transport.

Traffic Calming

Street width, cycle lanes, traffic management, and pedestrian crossings that encourage walking and cycling while discouraging driving.

Mix of Residential, Commercial, and Business Uses

Different uses of land within a given zone, increasing opportunities for active transport.

Public Open Spaces and Physical Activity Spaces

Open spaces in close proximity to residents, such as pools, parks, and playgrounds, increasing opportunities for physical activity.

Dawn Raids

House raids early in the morning, based on the belief that Pacific Islanders were overstayers, despite the majority of overstayers being non-Pacific Islanders.

Polynesian Panther Party Aims

Peaceful resistance against racism, celebrate mana Pasifika, and educate to liberate.

Legal Aid Booklet (Polynesian Panthers)

Booklet containing legal information accessible by Pacific communities to better understand their rights.

Tenants Aid Brigade

Provides information to tenants on their rights and support with confrontation toward racist landlords.

Prison Visits (Polynesian Panthers)

Facilitates group prison visits to strengthen community ties and support those arrested.

Police Investigation Group (PIG)

Groups of people to travel around communities to monitor the actions of police to ensure they were not unfairly harassing Pacific communities.

Homework Centers

A place for youth to gather and interact. Offered support with school, but also used as a means to educate youth n current social issues and racist structures to amplify the unfairness.

Racism

Any individual action or institutional practice backed by institutional power, which subordinates or negatively affects people because of their ethnicity.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Global call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and improve the lives and prospects of communities across the world.

SDG Target 3.4

By 2030, reduce by 1/3 premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases via prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being.

Internalized Racism

Reflects systems of privilege, societal values, erodes individual sense of value, and undermines collective action.

Institutionalized Racism

Initial historical insult, structural barriers, inaction in face of need, societal norms, biological determinism, and unearned privilege.

Personally Mediated Racism

Intentional/unintentional acts of commission/omission, maintains structural barriers, condoned by societal norms.

Volume (Big Data)

The computing capacity required to store and analyse data.

Velocity (Big Data)

The speed at which data are created and analysed.

Variety (Big Data)

The types of data sources available (text, images, social media, administrative).

Veracity (Big Data)

The accuracy and credibility of data.

Extremal Quotient

Relative measure comparing the highest and lowest groups percentages in a study.