Unit 3 - Macromolecules

20

How many different possible “R” groups are there

Replacement

What does “R” group stand for

Activation Energy

The initial investment of energy needed to start a chemical reaction

aq (Aqueous)

term means “dissolved in water” when shown in a chemical equation

Catalyst

General name for a substance that speeds up chemical reactions by reducing the amount of energy needed to start that reaction: not necessarily an organic compound

Fibrous

General name for the group of structural proteins such as keratin and collagen based on their appearance/function

Functional Groups

General name for specific groups of elements, replacing hydrogen in hydrocarbons, that provide new, specific chemical properties

Starch

the types of polysaccharide that is used by plants to store glucose in stems and roots

Glycogen

The types of polysaccharide known as animal starch, stored in the liver

Cellulose

The types of structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls

Chitin

The types of structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of insects

peptide bond

Special type of bonds that attach together neighboring amino acids in a polypeptide

denaturation

Term that means the disruption of the unique 3D shape of a protein due to improper pH or the increase in temperature

Protein

the substance surcease belongs to which macromolecule group

Globular

What class of proteins that includes hormones, antibodies, enzymes, having a unique 3D shape that aid in chemical reactions?

Carbon dioxide

All organic molecules contain carbon atoms. this carbon ultimately can be traced back to glucose formed by autotrophs. what substance is the source of this carbon

Hydrophobic

What is the term used to describe nonpolar substances such as waxes and oils which do not easily combine with water?

indicators

the general name for the group if substances that can be used to determine the approximate pH of a solution

10,000 more

A change in pH of a solution from * to 4 is equal to what change in hydrogen (hydronium) ion cncentration

Blue

Litmus paper will change or stay this color what indicating an alkaline solution

Hydroxide (OH-)

Formation of a basic solutions results when these ions are produced in excess in solution with water

Hydrogen (H+)

Formation of an acidic solution results when these ions are produced in excess in solution with water