Anatomy Shoulder Complex

What three bones form the bony framework of the shoulder complex?

Clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus

Which bones make up the pectoral girdle?

Clavicle and scapula.

What is the only direct bony attachment between the upper limb and trunk

Clavicle

Easily palpable

What shape is the clavicle?

Gentle S-shaped contour

Which part of the clavicle is convex anteriorly?

Medial portion

Which part of the clavicle is concave anteriorly?

Lateral portion.

Which end of the clavicle is larger and more robust?

Sternal (medial) end

The sternal end of the clavicle articulates with what structure?

Manubrium

The sternal end of the clavicle also articulates with what cartilage?

First costal cartilage

Which end of the clavicle is flatter, lateral and articulates with acromion?

Acromial end

What two landmarks are found on the inferior surface of the clavicle?

Conoid tubercle and trapezoid line

Which surface of the clavicle is smoother?

Superior surface

Which surface of the clavicle is rougher?

Inferior surface

What is the most common clavicle fracture site?

Midshaft

forces transmission structure

Describe the scapula.

Large, flat, triangular bone

Where is the scapula located?

Posterior thoracic wall

part of pectoral girdle

articulates with clavicle and humerus

What are the three angles of the scapula?

Superior, inferior, and lateral angles.

What are the three borders of the scapula?

Superior, medial, and lateral borders.

What are the three fossae of the scapula?

Supraspinous, infraspinous, and subscapular fossae

What are the three processes of the scapula

Spine, acromion, and coracoid process.

What is the scapular spine?

A prominent posterior ridge

What is the acromion?

Lateral extension of the scapular spine

articulates with clavicle

Describe the coracoid process.

Hook-like anterior projection

Inferior to the lateral clavicle.

Which Bigliani acromion type has a Flat acromion ?

Type I

Which Bigliani acromion type has a curved acromion

Type II

Which Bigliani acromion type has hooked acriomion?

Type III

associated with suprapsinatus tendon impingement, rotator cuff tears

Which Bigliani acromion type has a convex acromion?

Type IV

Which scapular fossa is found on posterior surface?

Supraspinous fossa

Infraspinous fossa

Which scapular fossa is found on the anterior surface?

Subscapular fossa

What are the scapular lanmarks?

Glenoid cavity.

supragleniod tubercle

infragleniod tubercle

suprascapular notch

spinogleniod notch

Which border of the scapula is thickest and strongest?

Lateral border

Which scapular border is thinner?

Medial border

superior border

Which scapular surface glides over the thoracic wall?

Costal (anterior) surface

What are the major palpable landmarks of the scapula?

Spine, acromion, inferior angle, medial border, and lateral border.

what does scapular postioning influences?

shoulder mechanics

What structure serves as the foundation for the humeral head?

Glenoid cavity.

abnormal scapular positioning can alter function

Name the major landmarks of the proximal humerus

Head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, and intertubercular sulcus

Which direction does the humeral head face?

hemispherical

faces Medially and slightly superiorly.

What is the anatomical neck of the humerus?

Narrow constriction below the head

Where is the surgical neck located?

Inferior to the tubercles.

common fracture site

Which tubercle is lateral and has 3 distinct facets( superior, middle, inferior)

Greater tubercle

Which tubercle is anterior?

Lesser tubercle

What lies between the greater and lesser tubercles?

Intertubercular sulcus ( also called biciptal groove)

Proximal humerus landmarks

Deltiod tuberosity,

Crest of the greater tubercle.

Crest of the lesser tubercle.

floor of groove

Coracobrachialis attachment region

What landmark forms the lateral lip groove of the proximal humerus?

Crest of the greater tubercle.

What landmark forms the medial lip groove of the proximal humerus?

Crest of the lesser tubercle

common fracture site of proximal humerus?

surgical neck

axillary nerve is nearby

posterior cirumflex humeral artery nearby