diffusion osmosis

diffusion

movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration

osmosis

diffusion of water

hypertonic

water concentration is higher inside than outside - water moves out

hypotonic

water concentration is higher outside than inside - water moves in

isotonic

water concentration is equal inside and outside - even exchange

equilibrium

even distribution of molecules

permeable

membrane that allows molecules to move through easily

impermeable

membranes that does not allow molecules to move through

semipermeable

membrane that allows some molecules to move through and doesn't allow some molecules to move through

active transport

Using energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient - swimming upstream

passive transport

No energy is needed to move molecules - swimming downstream

Facilitated diffusion

Molecules are too big to move through, so they are assisted by the carrier protein

Sodium Potassium Pump

Phospholipid

Hydrophobic

Water fearing

Hydrophillic

water loving

Channel protein

Small openings for small molecules to move through the membrane

Carrier Protein

Changes shape to help molecules move through the membrane

High temp will do what to rate of diffusion

increases because molecules are moving quickly

Low temp with do what to rate of diffusion

decrease - molecules are moving slowly

High concentration of substance will do what to diffusion

increase - more molecules to move

Density of substance will do what to diffusion

more dense - more "stuff" for molecules to move through, it will slow down

Size of molecules will do what to diffusion

smaller the molecules, faster it will diffusion

Positve Feedback Loop

the stimulus doesn't produce an opposite and counteracting effect - as the stimulus increases, the reaction increases

negative feedback loop

A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving