sexual reproduction- human physiology

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1

prostate gland

produces alkaline fluid to neutralize vaginal acids

<p>produces alkaline fluid to neutralize vaginal acids </p>
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2

testis

produce testosterone and sperm

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3

uterus

fertilized egg becomes an embryo

<p>fertilized egg becomes an embryo </p>
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4

fallopian tube

transports the oocyte to the uterus

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5

fimbria

sweep an oocyte from the ovaries to fallopian tubes

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6

ovaries

  • secretes estrogen and progesterone

  • oocyte matures prior to release

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7

seminal vesicle

secretes fluid containing fructose - nourishment of sperm cells

secretes mucus - to protect sperm cells

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8

urethra

conducts sperm from prostate gland out of the body via penis

<p>conducts sperm from prostate gland out of the body via penis </p>
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9

vas deferens

  • tube

  • conducts sperm from the testis to the prostate gland during ejaculation.

<ul><li><p>tube </p></li><li><p>conducts sperm from the testis to the prostate gland during ejaculation. </p></li></ul>
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10

epididymis

sperm develops the ability to be motile

<p>sperm develops the ability to be motile </p>
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11

endometrium

the mucous membrane lining of the uterus

<p>the mucous membrane lining of the uterus </p>
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12

vagina

passage leading to the uterus, by which the penis can enter

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13

pituitary hormones (1), are released from the (2) and act on the (3) to develop (4)

  • FSH and LH

  • anterior pituitary gland

  • ovaries

  • follicles

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14

ovarian hormones (1), act on the (2) to prepare for pregnancy.

  • estrogen and progesterone

  • uterus

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15

estrogen…

  • thickens endometrium

  • inhibits FSH and LH for most of the cycle

  • stimulates FSH and LH pre ovulation

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16

progesterone…

  • thickens endometrium

  • inhibits FSH and LH

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17

FSH

stimulates follicular growth in ovaries

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18

LH

  • causes a surge in ovulation

  • results in the formation of the corpus luteum

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19

estrogen and progesterone inhibit the secretion of….

FSH and LH

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20

give an example of negative feedback in the menstrual cycle

anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH

the dominant follicle produces estrogen

estrogen inhibits further production of FSH, prevent other follicles from growing

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21

explain what causes progesterone and estrogen levels to drop during menstruation.

the degeneration of the corpus luteum

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22

give an example of positive feedback in the menstrual cycle

estrogen stimulates the secretion of LH

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23

if fertilization occurs…

developing embryo implanted in the endometrium

will release hormones to sustain corpus luteum

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24

corpus luteum secretes…

high levels of progesterone

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25

describe how sperm cells are produced in the testis

  • spermatogonia undergo meiosis

  • epididymis is where spermatogonia mature/become motile

  • develop a flagellum

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26

fructose in semen is secreted by…

seminal vesicle

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27

interstitial cells produce….

testosterone

<p>testosterone </p>
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28

role of testosterone in spermatogenesis

the maturation of sperm cells

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29
<p>name number 1 </p>

name number 1

germline epithelium

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30
<p>name number 2</p>

name number 2

spermatozoa

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31
<p>name number 3 </p>

name number 3

interstitial cell

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32

when does the stage of mitosis in oogenesis start

in foetal development; thousands of oogonia get produced before entering growth.

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33
<p>name 1</p>

name 1

zona pellucida

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34
<p>name 2</p>

name 2

corona radiata

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35
<p>name 3</p>

name 3

cytoplasm

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36
<p>name 5</p>

name 5

cortical granule

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37

placenta: secretes: (1) and (2)

(1) stops (a) and develops (b)

(2) develops (a) and (b)

1) progesterone

a) contractions, b) endometrium

2) estrogen

a) mammary glands, b) myometrium

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38

where does a blastocyst implant itself?

endometrium

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39

what is the role of hCG during pregnancy

prevents the degeneration of the corpus luteum, until placenta develops.

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40

After fertilisation, the zygote undergoes (1) to form a (2)

  1. mitotic divisions

  2. morula

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41

trophoblast

part of the blastocyst that develops into the placenta.

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42

where does the development of a blastocyst occur

fallopian tube

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43

what happens after a blastocyst gets implanted into the endometrium

it secretes hCG

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44

describe the process of fertilization

  • enzymes make acrosome unstable

  • uterine chemicals dissolve sperms cholesterol coat

  • acrosome releases enzymes to soften jelly coat

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45
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