Chemistry - Periodic Table

Creator of Periodic Table

In 1869, Mendeleev created the first accepted version of the periodic table— it was grouped according to atomic mass and he predicted elements would occur

Metals

• Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity

• Metals are shiny

• Metals are ductile

• Metals are malleable

• A chemical property of metal is it’s reaction with water which results in corrosion

Non-Metals

• Poor conductors of heat and electricity

• not ductile or malleable

• Solid non metals are brittle and break easily

• They are dull

• Many are gases

• React with oxygen

Metalloids

• Shared properties of both metals and non-metals

• Solids that can be shiny or dull

• Conduct heat and electricity\

• Ductile and malleable

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are available to form chemical bonds

Hydrogen

• It is its own family

• Gas at room temperature

• Has only 1 proton and 1 electron

• Only needs 2 electrons to fill up its valence shell

Alkali Metals

• Only have 1 electron in their outermost level

• Shiny

• Clay like consistency

• Easily cut

• Highly reactive and react violently with water

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Never found uncombined in nature

• Have 2 valence electrons

• Considered very reactive

Transition Metals

• B family

• Good conductors of heat and electricity

Halogen Family

• 7 valence electrons

• Never found free in nature

• Most reactive non metals

Noble Gases

• Colourless gases

• Unreactive

• Full valence shell

• Small amounts in atmosphere

Lanthanides & Actinides

• Rare earth elements

• Trans-uranimum or man made