Maternal and child midterms 1st week

antenatal

refers to the period before birth

intranatal

refers to the period during labor and delivery

postnatal 

refers to the period after delivery usually up to 6 week postpartum

lochia

vaginal discharge after giving birth

uterine atony

failure of the uterus to contract adequately after childbirth

labor

the process of uterine contraction leading to cervical dilation and fetal expulsion

lightening
bloody show
Braxton hicks contraction
rupture of membranes
nesting instinct

premonitory signs

lightening

fetus descends and fundus lowers

bloody show 

bleeding during the end of pregnancy 

braxton hicks contraction

tightening sensation before labor begins

nesting instinct

burst of energy

week 38

at what week the fundus lowers?

postpartum psychosis

a severe mental disorder occurring w/in days or weeks after child birth.

mechanism of labor 

refers to the series of movement the fetus undergoes to pass through the birth canal during vaginal birth

a. engagement
b. descent
c. flexion
d. internal rotation
e. extension
f. external rotation (restitution) 
g. expulsion

steps of labor

recessive traits

a genetic trait that only appears when two identical recessive alleles are present (aa). 

dominant trait 

a trait that appears even if only one alleles carries it (Aa)/(AA)

oxytocin

stimulates uterine contraction and milk ejection.

ADH(vasopressin)

controls water balance by acting on the kidneys.

FSH,LH

control production

prolactin

milk production

ACTH,TSH,GH

metabolism, stress, response growth

Hormone 

a chemical messenger produced by glands that regulates body function like growth reproduction and metabolism 

prostaglandin

lipid based hormone like substance that causes uterine contraction cervical ripening, and helps initiate labor. 

progesterone

main pregnancy hormone

1. power

2. passenger

3. passageway

4. psyche

4 major factors of labor 

power

uterine contractions and maternal pushing effort

passenger

fetus and placenta

passageway

maternal pelvis and soft tissues

psyche

emotional state and readiness of the mother

cephalic 

normal presentation

cephalic presentation

the head presents first (vertex position) its the most common and safest fetal presentation for vaginal birth.